Incubation of Pitting Corrosion at Passive Iron as a Stochastic Process

Doelling, Rudolf; Heusler, K. E.

doi:10.1524/zpch.1984.139.139.039

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…7 suggest that this assumption is incorrect. This conclusion is supported by similar data [14,17,18] showing that the slope of the survival probability plot decreases at long times for a variety of alloys. Williams et al [13] suggested that the • stochastic model might simulate this behavior if 2.,At and 'rewere distributed, rather than single-valued, quantities.…”

supporting

confidence: 72%

“…Experimental observations like those just described have led to the development of several stochastic pit nucleation models [12,14,15,17,18], with pit growth also being treated stochastically in one case [15]. These models are phenomenological but may be viewed as "mechanistically-inspired" since they have been successfully linked with the accepted electrochemical theories of pitting [13,[17][18][19][20].…”

Section: ! 41 Stochastic Pit Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These models are phenomenological but may be viewed as "mechanistically-inspired" since they have been successfully linked with the accepted electrochemical theories of pitting [13,[17][18][19][20]. In most of the stochastic models, small fluctuations in the local conditions (e.g.…”

Section: ! 41 Stochastic Pit Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Some of the stochastic models have been developed using algebraic formulations [12,14,18]. Shibata [17] recently noted, however, that "Monte Carlo" models provide a J microscopic or mechanistic view that is lacking •' the algebraic formulations, and may improve our understanding of pitting.…”

Section: ! 41 Stochastic Pit Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These equations were chosen to represent plausible changes in the repository environment. Equation (18) represents an increase in corrosion potential toward an asymptotic limit, as suggested by the calculations of Macdonald and Urquidi-Macdonald [8]. The increasing [CI'] given in eqn.…”

Section: Simulations With the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling pitting corrosion damage of high-level radioactive-waste containers, with emphasis on the stochastic approach

Henshall¹,

Halsey²,

Clarke³

et al. 1993

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Recent efforts to identify methods of modeling pitting corrosion damage of high-level radioactive-waste containers are described. The need to develop models that can provide information useful to higher level system performance assessment models is emphasized, and examples of i,ow this could be accomplished are described. Work to date has focused upon physically-bas_'t phenomenological stochastic models of pit initiation and growth.These models may provide a way to distill information from mechanistic theories in a way that provides the necessary information to the less detailed performance assessment models. Monte Carlo implementations of the stochastic theory have resulted in simulations that are, at least qualitatively, consistent with a wide variety of experimental data. The effects of environment on pitting corrosion have been included in the model using a set of simple phenomenological equations relating the parameters of the stochastic model to key environmental variables. The results suggest that stochastic models might be useful for extrapolating accelerated test data and for predicting the effects of changes in the environment on pit initiation and growth.Preliminary ideas for integrating pitting models with performance assessment lt 'lt, models are discussed. These ideas include improving the concept of container "failure",• and the use of "rules-of-thumb" to take information from the detailed process models and provide ,,_to the higher level system and subsystem models. Finally, directions for future .... , r-,4-" ',L: '_Yr_

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supporting

confidence: 72%

Section: ! 41 Stochastic Pit Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ! 41 Stochastic Pit Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ! 41 Stochastic Pit Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulations With the Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Modeling pitting corrosion damage of high-level radioactive-waste containers, with emphasis on the stochastic approach

Henshall¹,

Halsey²,

Clarke³

et al. 1993

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ChemInform Abstract: INCUBATION OF PITTING CORROSION AT PASSIVE IRON AS A STOCHASTIC PROCESS

Doelling¹,

Heusler²

1984

Chemischer Informationsdienst

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Messungen der Verteilung der Inkubationszeiten der Lochfraßkorrosion von passivem Eisen in Cl′‐haltigen Lösungen als Funktion des Elektrodenpotentials und der Lösungszusammensetzung, Charakterisierung der Schwankungen des anodischen Stroms durch das passive Eisen durchRauschleistungsspektren sowie Versuche zur Identifizierung lokaler CF‐Adsorption und lokaler Auflösung vor der Bildung schnell wachsender Ätzgrübchen werden qualitativ gedeutet.

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Pit incubation at passive iron‐nickel alloys as a stochastic process

Cristofaro

Heusler

1990

Materials & Corrosion

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The distribution functions of pit incubation times were measured with homogeneous iron-nickel alloys containing 40, 60, and 90 wt% nickel, respectively, at different electrode potentials in borate buffer, p H 7.5, after addition of SO mM sodium chloride. The empirical moments of the distribution function are the same as for iron. Considering a general distribution function of the exponential type with a time-dependent frequency function, the logarithms of its parameters all are linearly related to the reciprocal potential difference towards the critical pitting potential.The same relationship is also observed for the mean incubation times. At constant electrode potential the mean incubation times grow longer with increasing concentration of nickel in the alloy. The critical pitting potentials become more positive with the nickel concentration.The independence of the kinetics of pit incubation from the nature of the metal indicates a universal mechanism of pit nucleation.Die Verteilungsf unktion der LochfraRinkubationszeiten wurden an homogenen Eisen-Nickel-Legierungen mit 40, 60 und 90 Gew% Nickel bei verschiedenen Elektrodenpotentialen in 0,2 M Boratpuffer, pH 7,5, nach Zusatz von 50 mM Natriumchlorid gemessen. Die empirischen Momente der Verteilungsfunktion sind die gleichen wie fur reines Eisen. Die Logarithmen der Parameter in der zeitabhangigen Frequenzfunktion einer allgemeinen exponentiellen Verteilungsfunktion sind lineare Funktionen der reziproken Differenz des Elektrodenpotentials gegenuber dem kritischen LochfraRpotential. Eine analoge Beziehung ergibt sich fur die mittleren Inkubationszeiten. Bei konstantem Elektrodenpotential wachsen die Inkubationszeiten mit der Nickelkonzentration in der Legierung. Die kritischen LochfraBpotentiale werden mit der Nickelkonzentration positiver.Die Unabhangigkeit der LochfraRinkubationskinetik von der Art des Metalls spricht fur einen universellen Mechanismus der Lochkeimbildung.

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Incubation of Pitting Corrosion at Passive Iron as a Stochastic Process

Cited by 23 publications

References 21 publications

Modeling pitting corrosion damage of high-level radioactive-waste containers, with emphasis on the stochastic approach

Modeling pitting corrosion damage of high-level radioactive-waste containers, with emphasis on the stochastic approach

ChemInform Abstract: INCUBATION OF PITTING CORROSION AT PASSIVE IRON AS A STOCHASTIC PROCESS

Pit incubation at passive iron‐nickel alloys as a stochastic process

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