Increments

Schegloff, Emanuel A.

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190210557.003.0008

Cited by 56 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…However, the doctor perceives a silence of 0.6 s (2a, line 3). Following syntactic completion of her turn, the doctor adds another constituent that continues that turn, in this case the noun phrase the pen type of insulin (i.e., she adds an “increment” to her initial question) ( Ford et al., 2002 ; Schegloff, 2016 ). With this increment she combines linguistic and embodied resources to depict how the NovaRapid is used.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whose turn is it anyway? Latency and the organization of turn-taking in video-mediated interaction

Seuren

Wherton

Greenhalgh

et al. 2021

Journal of Pragmatics

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whose turn is it anyway? Latency and the organization of turn-taking in video-mediated interaction

Seuren

Wherton

Greenhalgh

et al. 2021

Journal of Pragmatics

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“…Finally, we split our questions into two sets, one with increments (Schegloff, 2016)-that is, linguistic add-ons to syntactically and prosodically complete units (e.g., BHow are you finding it [by the way]^[= increment]; n = 146)-and one without. In the case of increments nonfinal possible completion points may provide cues that elicit early responses, and this was indeed the case in our data (gaps for questions with increments: mode = −350 ms, median = −164 ms, mean = −154 ms; gaps for questions without increments: mode = 75 ms, median = 123 ms, mean = 163 ms).…”

Section: The Effect Of Question-associated Gestures On the Timing Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Processing language in face-to-face conversation: Questions with gestures get faster responses

2017

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The home of human language use is face-to-face interaction, a context in which communicative exchanges are characterised not only by bodily signals accompanying what is being said but also by a pattern of alternating turns at talk. This transition between turns is astonishingly fast-typically a mere 200-ms elapse between a current and a next speaker's contribution-meaning that comprehending, producing, and coordinating conversational contributions in time is a significant challenge. This begs the question of whether the additional information carried by bodily signals facilitates or hinders language processing in this time-pressured environment. We present analyses of multimodal conversations revealing that bodily signals appear to profoundly influence language processing in interaction: Questions accompanied by gestures lead to shorter turn transition times-that is, to faster responses-than questions without gestures, and responses come earlier when gestures end before compared to after the question turn has ended. These findings hold even after taking into account prosodic patterns and other visual signals, such as gaze. The empirical findings presented here provide a first glimpse of the role of the body in the psycholinguistic processes underpinning human communication.

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“…Additionally, Schegloff and Sacks ( 1973 ), Sacks et al ( 1974 ) and Schegloff ( 1972 ) proposed that types of action sequences play a role in next-speaker selection. These sequences consist of two parts that are relevant to each other, where the first part produced by one speaker, selects the next speaker to contribute to the second part (Schegloff and Sacks, 1973 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Eye Gaze in Regulating Turn Taking in Conversations: A Systematized Review of Methods and Findings

Degutyte

Astell

2021

Front. Psychol.

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Eye gaze plays an important role in communication but understanding of its actual function or functions and the methods used to elucidate this have varied considerably. This systematized review was undertaken to summarize both the proposed functions of eye gaze in conversations of healthy adults and the methodological approaches employed. The eligibility criteria were restricted to a healthy adult population and excluded studies that manipulated eye gaze behavior. A total of 29 articles—quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods were returned, with a wide range of methodological designs. The main areas of variability related to number of conversants, their familiarity and status, conversation topic, data collection tools—video and eye tracking—and definitions of eye gaze. The findings confirm that eye gaze facilitates turn yielding, plays a role in speech monitoring, prevents and repairs conversation breakdowns and facilitates intentional and unintentional speech interruptions. These findings were remarkably consistent given the variability in methods across the 29 articles. However, in relation to turn initiation, the results were less consistent, requiring further investigation. This review provides a starting point for future studies to make informed decisions about study methods for examining eye gaze and selecting variables of interest.

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Increments

Cited by 56 publications

References 0 publications

Whose turn is it anyway? Latency and the organization of turn-taking in video-mediated interaction

Whose turn is it anyway? Latency and the organization of turn-taking in video-mediated interaction

Processing language in face-to-face conversation: Questions with gestures get faster responses

The Role of Eye Gaze in Regulating Turn Taking in Conversations: A Systematized Review of Methods and Findings

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