Incremental and interactive relations of triarchic psychopathy measure scales with antisocial and prosocial correlates: A preregistered replication of Gatner et al. (2016).

Abstract

Meanness (i.e., callousness/unemotionality, antagonism) and disinhibition (e.g., impulsivity, antisocial behavior) are the consensus traits that undergird psychopathy. Significant debate exists regarding a proposed third dimension of boldness or fearless dominance, characterized by particularly high levels of both extraversion and emotional stability. The present study is a preregistered direct replication of the work of Gatner and colleagues (2016) regarding the importance of boldness in psychopathy. Specifically, in a large undergraduate sample (n = 1,015), which more than doubled the original study sample size, we examined whether boldness exhibited curvilinear relations to antisocial and prosocial outcomes, provided incremental predictive utility, and interacted with meanness and disinhibition. Consistent with Gatner and colleagues’ findings, incremental, interactive, or curvilinear effects of boldness did not account for more than a small amount of variance in outcomes beyond the main effects of meanness and disinhibition. We discuss both process and results in the context of promoting a culture of reproducibility as well as transparent and open practices in clinical science.

Welcome to the Jangle: Comparing the Empirical Profiles of the “Dark” Factor and Antagonism

“…4. This p value was mistakenly not pre-registered, but the authors attest here to the plan to use this threshold consistent with other recent work by the senior authors (Du et al, 2021;Miller et al, 2022;Sharpe et al, 2021). 5.…”

Check and report: The state of data validity detection in personality disorder science.

“…Specifically, we stated that we would remove responses based on one or more of the following preregistered indicators: incomplete responding (i.e., <50% of questions answered), rushing (responses completed in <3 min—a time deemed implausible given the number of questions asked in the protocol), inattention (i.e., failure to respond as requested to more than one of three embedded checks), or an invalid response style on Elemental Psychopathy Assessment (EPA; Lynam et al, 2011) Infrequency (≥4) or Virtue (≥3) scales. Sharpe and colleagues (2021) removed nearly one fifth (i.e., 18.60%) of the original 1,247 undergraduate participants. Individual indicators showed rates of invalidity ranging from 1.84% (rushing) to 9.22% (inattention).…”

“…Recent examples from our own research illustrate the extent of the problem across a variety of indicators and sample types. We preregistered the same set of criteria for the identification of invalid responses in two independent samples, which began data collection in the fall of 2020--one recruited from MTurk (Sharpe et al, 2022) and another from the undergraduate psychology participant pools from two major research universities (Sharpe et al, 2021). Specifically, we stated that we would remove responses based on one or more of the following preregistered indicators: incomplete responding (i.e., <50% of questions answered), rushing (responses completed in <3 min—a time deemed implausible given the number of questions asked in the protocol), inattention (i.e., failure to respond as requested to more than one of three embedded checks), or an invalid response style on Elemental Psychopathy Assessment (EPA; Lynam et al, 2011) Infrequency (≥4) or Virtue (≥3) scales.…”

The registration continuum in personality disorder studies: Theory, rationale, and template.

“…For instance, values that are coded as À999 to reflect their missingness that are not picked up as missing in a statistical program can be removed validly, as could data that result from double-hitting a key on items with a single-digit response scale. Likewise, suspected patterns of invalid response can be registered (Sharpe et al, 2021). Conversely, data from one assessor or therapist in a clinical trial may not meet registered reliability levels and need to be removed from the final analysis, possibly with refreshment from another provider (Deng et al, 2013).…”