In the article, the authors considered the prerequisites for the use of polyurethane glue in masonry made of cellular concrete blocks for housing construction, formulated theoretical hypotheses of the dependence of masonry made of cellular concrete blocks on the thickness and material of the seam during compression, presented the results of experimental studies of the resistance of masonry walls made of cellular concrete blocks to short-term central compression, established the dependence of the change in the compressive strength of masonry on the thickness and material of the seam. The test results were evaluated by comparing the destructive forces for samples with joints made of cement-sand mortar with a thickness of 5 mm and samples with joints made of polyurethane glue with a thickness of 3 mm. It was found that the strength properties of masonry change when the material of the masonry seam and its thickness change, in the most indicative series of tests, the strength increase was about 19%. At the same time, the nature of the destruction has not changed – it is fragile, due to the excessive opening of vertical main cracks in the stone and partially in the seams. The deformability of the masonry did not change, the maximum deformations for samples with polyurethane glue and cement-sand mortar turned out to be identical. The applicability of polyurethane adhesives as an analogue of classical mortar joints for masonry walls has been proven.