Increasing the Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation Activity of CdS Nanorods by Introducing Interfacial and Polarization Electric Fields

Abstract

Cadmium sulfide (CdS) is a photocatalyst widely used for efficient H2 production under visible light irradiation, due to its narrow bandgap and suitable conduction band position. However, the fast recombination of carriers results in their low utilization. In order to improve photocatalytic hydrogen production, it reports the successful introduction of metallic Cd and S vacancies on CdS nanorods (CdS NRs) by a facile in situ chemical reduction method, using a thermal treatment process. This procedure generates interfacial and polarization electric fields, that significantly improve the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of CdS NRs in sodium sulfide and sodium sulfite aqueous solutions, under visible light irradiation (λ >420 nm). The introduction of these electric fields is believed to improve charge separation and facilitate faster interfacial charge migration, resulting in a significantly optimized catalyst, with a photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of up to 10.6 mmol−1 g−1 h−1 with apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 12.1% (420 nm), which is 8.5 times higher than that of CdS. This work provides a useful method to introduce metallic and S vacancies on metal sulfide photocatalysts to build local polarization and interfacial electric fields for high‐performance photocatalytic H2 production.

Orange Peel Biochar–CdS Composites for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production

“…Specifically, their hydrogen production rates were 2.8 mmol and 4.1 mmol•g −1 •h −1 , respectively, representing increases of 1.33, 2.04, 3.69, and 1.94 times compared with the blank control group. Besides, the comparison of the photocatalytic H2 production performance of other het-erojunction and CdS reported previously in the literature is shown in Table S3 [ [58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67], demonstrating that cDS-60C has the advantage in pure water systems.…”

Visible‐Light‐Induced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance of Graphdiyne‐Alkyne Phosphating Mo–Metal‐Organic Frameworks Heterojunction

“…Therefore, it was hypothesized that an S-Scheme heterojunction structure was formed between GDY and PMF. [59,60] Moreover, due to the interleaving phenomenon of the energy band structure between GDY and PMF, a strong built-in electric field was formed between PMF and GDY. Under the action of photoexcitation, the dye molecule EY, adsorbed on the surface of PMF/ GDY, was photoexcited to form the singly-excited state EY 1* , which was converted to the more stable triply-excited state EY 3* , [61] and subsequently converted to EY À under the action of TEOA.…”

Plant-Based Phytochemicals for Synthesis of Z-Scheme In2O3/CdS Heterostructures: DFT Analysis and Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction to HCOOH and CO

“…CdS has gained significant attention for PCO 2 RR owing to its favorable properties such as high solar energy conversion, favorable bandgap (2.42 eV), strong conduction band position (−0.92 eV), strong chemical and thermal stability, excellent transport characteristics, tunable size, and shape. − However, CdS faces challenges such as photocorrosion and rapid charge carrier recombination, limiting its further development and application. , Therefore, various modification techniques have been explored to address these limitations and enhance CdS catalytic performance in PCO 2 RR. Modifications such as morphology control, heterostructures, Z-scheme systems, and co-catalyst integration have been explored to boost the catalytic efficiency of CdS for PCO 2 RR by improving charge separation by reducing its recombination. − …”