Increasing Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Productivity and Farmer’s Income through the Implementation of Modified Double Rows Planting System

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) productivity in Indonesia is leveling off. The study aims to determine the effect of the Jejer Manten double rows modified planting system on the growth, productivity, and economic feasibility of the rice farming system. The study was conducted in Lampung Province, Indonesia from 2016 to 2018. The study was arranged using a split-plot design with 3 replications. The treatment consisted of two factors namely: planting system (S1 = Jajar Tegel, S2 = Jajar Legowo double rows 2:1, and S3 = Jejer Manten double rows modification) and rice varieties (V1 = Ciherang; V2 = Inpari 10).The results of the study showed that the Jejer Manten planting system produced higher growth and productivity than Jajar Tegel and Jajar Legowo planting system. During the three years of research, the application of the Jejer Manten planting system increased productivity by 6.04-32.27% compared to Jajar Tegel and 13.78-28.92% compared to the Jajar Legowo planting system. Economically, based on the analysis of marginal benefit-cost ratio (MBCR), the application of the Jejer Manten planting system was more feasible than the Jajar Tegel planting system (MBCR = 6.32) and Jajar Legowo planting system (MBCR = 8.18). Based on these results, it is recommended to apply the Jejer Manten planting system as a new technology to increase rice production and support of food self-sufficiency program of Indonesia.

Comparison of plant growth and yield of rice under double-row and tile transplanting systems

“…The planting density of Jejer Manten is 20% higher than a standard tile transplanting system, and it is 9.9% lower than Jajar Legowo type 2:1. Even though Jejer Manten has a lower plant population than Jajar Legowo, a previous study [12] found that the yield of Jejer Manten was 6% higher than Jajar Legowo type 2:1.…”

“…Some researchers explained Jajar Legowo and Jejer Manten could increase the yield compared to a standard tile transplanting system due to the border effect [10,12]. The border effect is the plant's response in its performance to the different conditions between the outermost rows and the inner rows.…”

Growth and Yield Performance of Upland and Lowland Rice Varieties Under Narrow-Wide Row Planting Systems in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

“…The Jrw-B treatment produced a higher grain yield than the Tegel, Jrw-A, Jrw-B, Jrw-C, and Jrw-D treatments. The jajar legowo 2:1 planting system has a higher border effect than the square or jajar legowo 4:1 planting system (Asnawi et al, 2021). The plants' location influences the increase in photosynthesis at the edge of the row, where they receive relatively more maximum sunlight.…”

“…The plants that should be planted in the empty rows are inserted into the rows (Abdulrachman et al, 2013). Increased side plants are the goal of the jajar legowo planting system (border effect) (Asnawi et al, 2021). The previous studies reported that the jajar legowo planting system affected rice growth (Sartika et al, 2021) and increased grain yield per hectare and rice yield components, including the panicles per hill, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight (Liu et al, 2019;Susilastuti et al, 2018;Suweta et al, 2021).…”

“…Grain yields for all plots were obtained using the area sample method according to the treatment of the planting system. The sampling area for each plot according to the planting system was 6.76 m 2 (2.6 m × 2.6 m) for a square system (Tegel), 6.48 m 2 (2.7 m × 2.4 m) for Jrw-A, 6 m 2 (3 m × 2 m) for Jrw-B, 6 m 2 (2.4 m × 2.5 m) for Jrw-C, and 6 m 2 (3 m × 2 m) for Jrw-D (Asnawi et al, 2021;Makarim et al, 2017). The grain yield harvested from the sample area of each plot was measured for its moisture content and converted to hectares.…”