Increasing Psychological Well‐Being and Resilience by Psychotherapeutic Methods

Fava, Giovanni A.; Tomba, Elena

doi:10.1111/j.1467-6494.2009.00604.x

Cited by 288 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The relationship between PWB and generalized anxiety symptoms can be explained by the buffering hypothesis. PWB has been shown to enhance resilience in the context of the prevention of emotional disorders (Fava and Tomba 2009;Johnson et al 2011;Sagone and De Caroli 2014). Resilience refers to a set of attributes and resources that prevent illness following adverse circumstances in the general population and prevent relapse after symptomatic remission in a clinical population (Fava and Tomba 2009).…”

Section: Pwb As Resilience To Anxiety Symptoms: the Buffering Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PWB has been shown to enhance resilience in the context of the prevention of emotional disorders (Fava and Tomba 2009;Johnson et al 2011;Sagone and De Caroli 2014). Resilience refers to a set of attributes and resources that prevent illness following adverse circumstances in the general population and prevent relapse after symptomatic remission in a clinical population (Fava and Tomba 2009). Adverse circumstances include both poor external environments and individual characteristics including negative emotion, and, cognitive or behavioral predisposition (e.g., neuroticism, ruminative response style, or behavioral inhibition) (Johnson et al 2011).…”

Section: Pwb As Resilience To Anxiety Symptoms: the Buffering Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Well-Being and Generalized Anxiety in Japanese Undergraduates: A Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2017

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Psychological well-being is thought to protect against common mental health problems. This study investigated the buffering effects of psychological well-being on the relationships between cognitive vulnerabilities (fear of anxiety and negative beliefs about worry) and GAD symptoms among 297 Japanese undergraduates (female = 62%, age = 18.91 ± 1.61) in a two-wave prospective cohort study. Participants completed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire for DSM-IV, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, anxiety control subscale of Affective Control Scale, negative belief about worry subscale of Meta-Cognitions Questionnaire, and Nishida's psychological well-being scale. A moderated regression analysis tested the buffering effect of psychological well-being sub-dimensions on the relationship between cognitive vulnerabilities and generalized anxiety symptoms. Fear of anxiety (b = 0.16, p \ 0.01) and negative Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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Section: Pwb As Resilience To Anxiety Symptoms: the Buffering Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pwb As Resilience To Anxiety Symptoms: the Buffering Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Well-Being and Generalized Anxiety in Japanese Undergraduates: A Prospective Cohort Study

et al. 2017

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“…Additionally, a study that examined gene transcriptional profiles found that eudaimonic well-being (an overarching umbrella term that includes purpose) was associated with enhanced expression of antiviral response genes and reduced expression of proinflammatory genes (31). Furthermore, and perhaps most importantly, purpose-along with other components of psychological well-being-have become the focus of multiple intervention studies designed to improve a person's life outlook (10,(32)(33)(34)(35). Therefore, it may provide a point of intervention for improving health outcomes.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…An example of a promising intervention is a type of cognitive behavioral approach called Well-Being Therapy. The technique has been shown to effectively help people suffering from a wide range of psychological disorders to achieve optimal levels of psychological well-being (34,35). The technique is typically used after standard care (e.g., cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy) and is known to help prevent relapse.…”

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confidence: 99%

Purpose in life and use of preventive health care services

Kim

Strecher

Ryff

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

244

204

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Purpose in life has been linked with better health (mental and physical) and health behaviors, but its link with patterns of health care use are understudied. We hypothesized that people with higher purpose would be more proactive in taking care of their health, as indicated by a higher likelihood of using preventive health care services. We also hypothesized that people with higher purpose would spend fewer nights in the hospital. Participants (n = 7,168) were drawn from the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative panel study of American adults over the age of 50, and tracked for 6 y. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, each unit increase in purpose (on a six-point scale) was associated with a higher likelihood that people would obtain a cholesterol test [odds ratio (OR) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08-1.29] or colonoscopy (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.99-1.14). Furthermore, females were more likely to receive a mammogram/ X-ray (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.16-1.39) or pap smear (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.06-1.28), and males were more likely to receive a prostate examination (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.18-1.45). Each unit increase in purpose was also associated with 17% fewer nights spent in the hospital (rate ratio = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.77-0.89). An increasing number of randomized controlled trials show that purpose in life can be raised. Therefore, with additional research, findings from this study may inform the development of new strategies that increase the use of preventive health care services, offset the burden of rising health care costs, and enhance the quality of life among people moving into the ranks of our aging society.purpose in life | meaning in life | well-being | health screening T hree factors converge to underscore the heightened importance of preventive health care services among United States adults. First, there is the rapidly aging population: by 2050, the number of United States adults over the age of 65 is estimated to double (1). Second, there is the rising cost of medical care: chronic illnesses and end-of-life issues that older adults face are expensive. The Congressional Budget office projects that spending on Medicare will nearly double as a share of gross domestic product (GDP), from 3.7% in 2012 to 7.3% by 2050 (2). Third, despite spending more on health care than any country in the world, United States adults generally have poorer health and lower life expectancies than those in other developed countries (3,4). This health disadvantage is not solely attributable to those who are poor and underprivileged, because even wealthy, educated Americans are in poorer health than their counterparts in comparable countries (3, 4).These troublesome realities could be offset by greater use of preventive health care services, which are known to enhance health and reduce health care costs. However, in 2007 the Brookings Institution estimated that only 4% of the $1.7 trillion spent on national health expenditures was for prevention (5). Older adults, in particular, use less prev...

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“…Posteriorly revised, the number of items was reduced, and it was renamed as the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Hills, & Argyle, 2002). Other measures have been developed, like the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being (Ryff, 1989), which was also reviewed, reduced (Abbott, Ploubidis, Huppert, Kuh, & Croudace, 2010) and converted in an interview format (Fava, & Tomba, 2009), or the Subjective Happiness Scale (Lyubomirsky, & Lepper, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What are people saying when they report they are happy or life satisfied

et al. 2016

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Título: A qué se refiere la gente cuando informa que son felices o que están satisfechos con la vida. Resumen: El estudio de la felicidad estuvo dominado con el modelo de bienestar subjetivo. Con la llegada de la psicología positiva entran en juego los modelos de felicidad hedónicos y eudaimónico, pero los principales estudios siguen utilizando medidas de un solo elemento de satisfacción con la vida o de felicidad. En este trabajo estudiamos la asociación entre la satisfacción con la vida y la felicidad, medida cada una de ellas con un solo ítem mediante una representación gráfica de una escalera y de un termómetro, y los tres modelos de felicidad: el bienestar subjetivo, la felicidad eudaimónica y la felicidad hedonista. Los resultados mostraron que el bienestar subjetivo fue el principal predictor de la satisfacción con la vida y el modelo hedónico también predijo en menor grado esa misma variable. Para el caso de la felicidad los predictores fueron los mismos, pero en orden inverso, el predictor principal fue el modelo hedónico y en un menor grado por el bienestar subjetivo. Contrariamente a nuestra hipótesis, la perspectiva de felicidad eudaimónica no es un predictor en ninguno de los modelos. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de la interacción entre una perspectiva cognitiva o una hedónica en el estudio de la felicidad. Palabras clave: felicidad, satisfacción con la vida, bienestar subjetivo. Abstract:The study of happiness was dominated with the model of subjective well-being. With the advent of positive psychology the eudaimonic and hedonic models entered the field, but major surveys continue to use single-item measures of life satisfaction or happiness. We study the associations between life satisfaction and happiness, measured single-items with a graphic representation of a ladder and a thermometer, and three models of happiness: the subjective well-being, the eudaimonic and hedonic. The results showed that subjective well-being was the main predictor of life satisfaction and hedonic model also predicted a small amount of this variable. For happiness the predictors were the same but in reversed order, the main predictor was the hedonic model and a small variance was explained by subjective well-being. Contrary to our hypothesis the eudaimonic perspective of happiness was not a predictor in none of the models. These results underline the importance of the interaction between a cognitive or appraisal perspective and the hedonic perspectives for the study of happiness.

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Increasing Psychological Well‐Being and Resilience by Psychotherapeutic Methods

Cited by 288 publications

References 80 publications

Well-Being and Generalized Anxiety in Japanese Undergraduates: A Prospective Cohort Study

Well-Being and Generalized Anxiety in Japanese Undergraduates: A Prospective Cohort Study

Purpose in life and use of preventive health care services

What are people saying when they report they are happy or life satisfied

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