Increasing Plasma Free Fatty Acids in Healthy Subjects Induces Aortic Distensibility Changes Seen in Obesity

Rider, Oliver J; Holloway, Cameron; Emmanuel, Yaso; Bloch, Edward; Clarke, Kieran; Neubauer, Stefan

doi:10.1161/circimaging.111.971804

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Corresponding age-dependent effects on vascular elastic function have also been observed, with obese children demonstrating higher arterial elasticity 38,39 and obese adults having impaired elasticity. 40,41 An association reported between carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and HR 7,42 has been attributed to fatigue failure of elastin fibers; 43 however in common with another MRI study, we did not observe a relationship between HR and aortic PWV. 23 The physiological mechanisms linking body fat with arterial stiffness are not fully understood, although several possibilities have been proposed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…However, we did not assess the effect of adiposity on the less elastic abdominal aorta or the muscular peripheral vasculature. 41,56 We measured body composition using bioimpedence, which is a well validated method of assessing body fat; 57 however, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry 7 and whole-body MRI 37 may be more accurate in defining the distribution of fat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Body Fat Is Associated With Reduced Aortic Stiffness Until Middle Age

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, but the effect of body composition on vascular aging and arterial stiffness remains uncertain. We investigated relationships among body composition, blood pressure, age, and aortic pulse wave velocity in healthy individuals. Pulse wave velocity in the thoracic aorta, an indicator of central arterial stiffness, was measured in 221 volunteers (range, 18-72 years; mean, 40.3±13 years) who had no history of cardiovascular disease using cardiovascular MRI. In univariate analyses, age (r=0.78; P<0.001) and blood pressure (r=0.41; P<0.001) showed a strong positive association with pulse wave velocity. In multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, sex, and mean arterial blood pressure, elevated body fat% was associated with reduced aortic stiffness until the age of 50 years, thereafter adiposity had an increasingly positive association with aortic stiffness (β=0.16; P<0.001). Body fat% was positively associated with cardiac output when age, sex, height, and absolute lean mass were adjusted for (β=0.23; P=0.002). These findings suggest that the cardiovascular system of young adults may be capable of adapting to the state of obesity and that an adverse association between body fat and aortic stiffness is only apparent in later life. (Hypertension. 2013;61:1322-1327.)

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Fat Is Associated With Reduced Aortic Stiffness Until Middle Age

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This seems plausible given the fact that artificially increasing triglyceride levels not only impairs aortic function through the induction of endothelial dysfunction 17 but also results in elevated PWV 6 and reduced distensibility in a pattern similar to that seen in obesity. 11 The relative contributions of liver triglyceride output and dietary intake of triglyceride to arterial stiffness are less clear, but using moderate multivariable regression, we have shown in this study that ≈43% of the increase in PWV that is attributable to elevated liver fat occurs via indirect effects through elevated triglyceride levels.…”

Section: Hepatic Fat Content Triglycerides and Aortic Stiffnessmentioning

confidence: 63%

Investigating a Liver Fat

Rider

Banerjee

Rayner

et al. 2016

ATVB

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Circulating triglyceride levels are dictated not only by dietary intake but also by hepatic triglyceride production, which is elevated in NAFLD. This suggests that NAFLD may be exerting its negative effects on vascular function indirectly via increasing blood triglyceride levels. As a result, we hypothesized that the elevated liver fat levels in obesity would be linked to aortic stiffness, and that effect would, at least in part, be mediated indirectly via increasing serum triglyceride levels. Should © 2015 American Heart Association, Inc. Objective-To investigate the relationship between hepatic fat content, circulating triglyceride levels and aortic stiffness in adult and childhood obesity. Approach and Results-Seventy-seven adults and 18 children across a wide range of body mass index (18.5-52.6 kg/ m 2; percentile 8-100) with no identifiable cardiac risk factors underwent; 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy to quantify hepatic fat content and magnetic resonance imaging to assess aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and regional distensibility. In adults, multivariable regression showed age (β=0.09; P=0.02), liver fat (β=2.5; P=0.04), and serum triglyceride (β=0.47; P=0.01) to be independent predictors of PWV. Age and blood pressure-adjusted, moderated regression showed that 43% of the total negative effect of hepatic fat on PWV is attributable to indirect effects via increased triglyceride (P=0.005). In addition, regional distensibility was positively correlated with hepatic fat (ascending; r=−0.35; descending, r=−0.23; abdominal, r=−0.41; all P<0.001). Similar to that seen in adults, PWV (r=0.72; P<0.001) and abdominal regional distensibility (r=−0.52; P<0.001) were correlated with liver fat in children. Conclusions-Increasing age, liver fat, and triglyceride are all related to increased aortic stiffness in adults. Even when controlling for the effects of age and blood pressure, hepatic fat has a negative effect on PWV, with substantial indirect effect occurring via increased circulating triglyceride level. This relationship between hepatic fat and aortic stiffness occurs early in the obesity process and is also seen in children. As such, hepatic fat content is a potential therapeutic target to treat the elevated vascular risk in obesity. regional aortic distensibility (AD) 14 and abdominal visceral fat, 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy assessment of liver fat content, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry assessment of total fat mass, and fasting blood tests for serum triglyceride levels. Materials and MethodsMaterials and Methods are available in the online-only Data Supplement. ResultsA summary of the anthropometric data for the adult and childhood study groups is shown in Table 1. Table 3). Adult Cohort Hepatic Fat Content in AdultsStepwise multivariable regression of these variables revealed showed triglyceride (β=3.6; P=0.009) and liver fat (β=2.5; P=0.008) to be independent predictors of increased PWV in this model (overall R 2 of the model 0.42; P<0.001; Table 4). To further explore the relationship be...

show abstract

“…25 Potential mechanisms for this have focused on the LV, including concentric hypertrophy, 18 diastolic dysfunction, 16 impaired myocardial energetics, 26 and increased aortic stiffness, 27 all of which are present in obesity and are independent markers of elevated cardiovascular risk. Although relatively underinvestigated, RV hypertrophy is also present in obesity 9,10 and is emerging as another risk factor for heart failure and cardiovascular death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obese Subjects Show Sex-Specific Differences in Right Ventricular Hypertrophy

Rider

Lewis

Lewandowski

et al. 2015

Circ: Cardiovascular Imaging

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the potential reasons for the underinvestigation of RV remodeling in obesity lies in the fact that accurate 2-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of RV size and function is inherently more difficult as a result of the complexity of the shape of the RV, which, in contrast to the ellipsoidal shape of the LV, seems triangular, when viewed from the side, and crescentic, when viewed from above. This is hampered further by the increased difficulty of generating adequate acoustic windows in obesity. Despite these limitations, the majority of these studies have shown RV hypertrophy in obesity. [5][6][7][8] A few previous studies investigating RV geometry in obesity, have, in the main, not excluded subjects with obesityrelated comorbidities, such as hypertension, 9 which are known to have independent effects on RV mass.5 In contrast to echocardiography, cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging is Background-As right ventricular (RV) remodeling in obesity remains underinvestigated, and the impact of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction on RV hypertrophy is unknown, we aimed to investigate whether (1) sex-specific patterns of RV remodeling exist in obesity and (2) LV diastolic dysfunction in obesity is related to RV hypertrophy. Methods and Results-Seven hundred thirty-nine subjects (women, n=345; men, n=394) without identifiable cardiovascular risk factors (body mass index [BMI], 15.3-59.2 kg/m 2 ) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (1.5 T) to measure RV mass (g), RV end-diastolic volume (mL), RV mass/volume ratio, and LV diastolic peak filling rate (mL/s). All subjects were normotensive (average, 119±11/73±8 mm Hg), normoglycaemic (4.8±0.5 mmol/L), and normocholesterolaemic (4.8±0.9 mmol/L) at the time of scanning. Across both sexes, there was a moderately strong positive correlation between BMI and RV mass (men, +0.8 g per BMI point increase; women, +1.0 g per BMI point increase; both P<0.001). Whereas women exhibited RV cavity dilatation (RV end-diastolic volume, +1.0 mL per BMI point increase; P<0.001), BMI was not correlated with RV end-diastolic volume in men (R=0.04; P=0.51). Concentric RV remodeling was present in both sexes, with RV mass/volume ratio being positively correlated to BMI (men, R=0.41; women, R=0.51; both P<0.001

show abstract

Increasing Plasma Free Fatty Acids in Healthy Subjects Induces Aortic Distensibility Changes Seen in Obesity

Cited by 42 publications

References 37 publications

Body Fat Is Associated With Reduced Aortic Stiffness Until Middle Age

Body Fat Is Associated With Reduced Aortic Stiffness Until Middle Age

Investigating a Liver Fat

Obese Subjects Show Sex-Specific Differences in Right Ventricular Hypertrophy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About