Increasing Peripheral Artery Intima Thickness From Childhood to Seniority

Osika, Walter; Dangardt, Frida; Grönros, Julia; Lundstam, Ulf; Myredal, Anna; Johansson, Mats; Volkmann, Reinhard; Gustavsson, Tomas; Gan, Li; Friberg, Peter

doi:10.1161/01.atv.0000256468.95403.6f

Cited by 66 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Because the forearm has been exclusively used as a model for studying vascular function, it has become common to extrapolate the findings obtained from this vascular bed to the rest of the body. However, the heterogeneity between the upper and lower limbs in adrenoceptor-mediated control in both muscle and skin blood flow should be considered in the evaluation of vascular function, because morphophysiological changes in the forearm vasculature resulting from a pathological state or aging do not always parallel those observed in the lower extremities (27,28,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limb-specific differences in the skin vascular responsiveness to adrenergic agonists

Yamazaki

Yuge

2011

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Yamazaki F, Yuge N. Limb-specific differences in the skin vascular responsiveness to adrenergic agonists. J Appl Physiol 111: 170-176, 2011. First published April 28, 2011 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00068.2011In this study, to test the hypothesis that adrenergic vasoconstrictor responses of the legs are greater compared with the arms in human skin, cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC) in the forearm and calf were compared during the infusion of adrenergic agonists in healthy young volunteers. Under normothermic conditions, norepinephrine (NE, ␣-and ␤-agonist, 1 ϫ 10 Ϫ8 to 1 ϫ 10 Ϫ2 M), phenylephrine (PHE, ␣1-agonist, 1 ϫ 10 Ϫ8 to 1 ϫ 10 Ϫ2 M), dexmedetomidine (DEX, ␣2-agonist, 1 ϫ 10 Ϫ9 to 1 ϫ 10 Ϫ4 M), and isoproterenol (ISO, ␤-agonist, 1 ϫ 10 Ϫ8 to 1 ϫ 10 Ϫ3 M) were administered by intradermal microdialysis. Skin blood flow (SkBF) was measured by laserDoppler flowmetry, and the local temperature at SkBF-measuring sites was maintained at 34°C throughout the experiments. CVC was calculated as the ratio of SkBF to blood pressure and expressed relative to the baseline value before drug infusion. The dose of NE at the onset of vasoconstriction and the effective dose (ED50) resulting in 50% of the maximal vasoconstrictor response for NE were lower (P Ͻ 0.001) in the calf than forearm. The ED50 for PHE and DEX was also lower (P Ͻ 0.05) in the calf than forearm. Increases in CVC in response to ISO were potentially smaller in the calf, but the statistical differences in the responses were dependent on the expressions of CVC. These findings suggest that the cutaneous vasoconstrictor responsiveness to exogenous NE is greater in the legs than in the arms due to a higher ␣1-and ␣2-adrenoceptor reactivity, while the ␤-adrenoceptor function plays a minor role in regional differences in adrenergic vasoconstriction in normothermic humans. skin blood flow; exogenous norepinephrine; ␣-adrenergic receptor; ␤-adrenergic receptor; microdialysis IN HUMANS, peripheral vasoconstrictor responses to upright posture show heterogeneity between the upper and lower limbs (14,16,22,48). The findings from previous studies suggest that the leg vasculature is more responsive to orthostatic stimulation than the arm vasculature. The augmented vasoconstrictor response observed in the human lower-leg vasculature is influenced by sympathetic and local mechanisms (14,22,24,38) and could play an important regulatory role by limiting the degree to which blood accumulates in the legs during orthostatic stress (29,30).The vasoconstrictor response to the upright posture is via reflex and nonreflex (e.g., venoarteriolar response) mechanisms. The reflex vasoconstriction is influenced by centrally driven activity in sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves and postjunctional adrenergic receptor responsiveness. With regard to the central sympathetic outflow, similar increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity have been shown in the arm and leg during orthostatic stress (14, 31). In addition, similar increases in regional norepinephrine (NE) spillover have been re...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limb-specific differences in the skin vascular responsiveness to adrenergic agonists

Yamazaki

Yuge

2011

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…with a Visualsonics MS550D and a 22 to 55-MHz probe (VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, Canada), a high-resolution ultrasound system with a spatial resolution of 30 to 50 μm. [6][7][8] At baseline, an estimated puncture site with adequate radial pulsation was marked. The area was photographed and digitally stored as a reference for the evaluation at follow-up ( Figure I in the Data Supplement).…”

Section: Ultrasound Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intima thickness was defined as the distance from the leading edge of the lumen-intima interface to the interface between intima and media and separately measured as in previous report using the same technology. 8 The media thickness was calculated by subtracting the intima thickness from the intima-media thickness.…”

Section: Echographic End Pointsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rotterdam Radial Access Research

Costa

Leeuwen

Daemen

et al. 2016

Circ: Cardiovascular Interventions

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Background-Radial artery wall might be damaged after cannulation for cardiac catheterization. We investigated structural changes of the radial artery wall after catheterization to understand whether these might predict radial pulsation loss or occlusion and local pain or functional impairment of the upper extremity. Methods and Results-Ninety patients underwent transradial coronary angiography or intervention and were scanned with a high-resolution 40-MHz ultrasound before cannulation and at 3 hours and 30 days after procedure. Acute injuries of the radial artery occurred in all patients: dissection and intramural hematoma were the most common. However, these phenomena did not predict loss of radial pulsation or occlusion, local pain, or functional impairment at 30 days. Overall, the radial artery lumen was significantly reduced distal to the puncture site. Radial artery intima and total wall thickness increased 3 hours after puncture and persisted at 30 days. Radial occlusion and pulsation loss were observed in 3.9% and 9.2% of patients, respectively, at 30 days. Smaller radial artery lumen at baseline increased the risk of radial pulsation loss at 30 days (odds ratio, 1.23; P=0.049). The number of radial puncture attempts predicted pulsation loss (odds ratio, 2.64; P=0.027), occlusion (odds ratio, 3.49; P=0.022), and symptoms (odds ratio, 2.24; P=0.05) at 30-day follow-up. Conclusions-After catheterization, radial artery puncture site is associated with increased intima and total wall thickness and with modest decrease of inner lumen diameter. Acute injuries of the vessel wall were ubiquitous, but contrary to repeated puncture attempts, did not seem to affect postprocedural radial occlusion or loss of pulsation.(Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2016;9:e003129.

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“…However, it is worth mentioning the different age of studied population (oldest in the last two studies), the different protocol measurement of IMT in the carotid tree that could be responsible for discrepancy of results. Indeed, it is well understood an age-dependent increase of IMT value [92], higher in elderly people, as like a different reproducibility and accuracy of IMT measurement when performed in different carotid anatomical sites and/or when calculated in different manner. Particularly, the ARIC study reported IMT value as combined measurement of the far wall (with respect to the transducer) of the common and internal carotid artery whereas the authors of Rotterdam study used a different index, as like the mean of the distal 1 cm of both common carotid arteries.…”

Section: Intima-media Thickness (Imt) Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology of Atherosclerotic Plaque: Its Feature by Imaging Study

Passacquale¹,

Tiberti²,

Ferri³

et al. 2008

CPD

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Atherosclerotic plaque plays a crucial role for the development of ischaemic diseases and, therefore, its early diagnosis and feature can help to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular events. Detection of early atherogenesis and characterization of plaque feature are the major end-points of research in cardiovascular imaging. Different techniques have been proposed as instrument for morphological and functional study of vascular walls. The purpose of this review is to underline the possibility of in vivo detecting the different stages of atherogenesis by using imaging techniques as well as their relationship with other risk factors in an attempt to assess the meaning of vascular lesions. Very promising results seem to emerge by the analysis of the literature on the subject, although different patterns are yet to be clarified.

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Increasing Peripheral Artery Intima Thickness From Childhood to Seniority

Cited by 66 publications

References 18 publications

Limb-specific differences in the skin vascular responsiveness to adrenergic agonists

Limb-specific differences in the skin vascular responsiveness to adrenergic agonists

The Rotterdam Radial Access Research

Morphology of Atherosclerotic Plaque: Its Feature by Imaging Study

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