Increasing our knowledge on direct-developing frogs: The ontogeny of Ischnocnema henselii (Anura: Brachycephalidae)

Goldberg, Javier; Taucce, Pedro P. G.; Quinzio, Silvia Inés; Haddad, Célio F. B.; Candioti, Florencia Vera

doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2019.11.001

Cited by 10 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In our study, we found differences in this ratio: species with arboreal spawning locations (Phyllomedusidae) showed longer spermatozoa tails than those with terrestrial (Leptodactylus of the group L. fuscus), or direct development (Oreobates discoidalis) (Goldberg et al, 2020). These results partially agree with those found in Chinese frogs, with terrestrial-arboreal spawning species showing longer spermatozoa than species with aquatic spawning (Zeng et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Among the species studied, differences in the abundance of cysts during the spermatogenesis process would be related to the reproductive moment in which the studied specimens are found. The early onset of thyroid development appears to be related to direct developmental evolution in anuran amphibians (Goldberg J., Taucce Pedro P.G., Quinzio Silvia Ines, Haddad Celio F.B. and Vera Candioti Florencia, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Testicular histology of Anurans that deposit eggs out of water

Alcaide¹,

Alcaide²,

Michel³

et al. 2020

AZL

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Anuran amphibians show the largest diversity of amphibian reproductive modes, many of which imply egg deposition out of the water. This kind of egg deposition requires specialisations to avoid egg desiccation. Physiological, anatomical and ethological traits integrate to define these modes. In particular, morphological features of the urogenital system correlate with these reproductive modes and the environmental conditions where egg-laying occurs. In this study, we describe the testicular histology and spermatogenesis of the nest building frog Leptodactylus latinasus, and we compare it with other species that breed out of water. We found variations in tes tis size, the thickness of interstitial tissue, tunica albuginea, and peritubular tunics, flagellum length, and in the shape and size of the spermatozoal nucleus. Certain specifics’ characters differed at the species level, but not between families. Such variation could be an indicator of spermatozoal performance and environmental constraints under which fertilisation takes place.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular histology of Anurans that deposit eggs out of water

Alcaide¹,

Alcaide²,

Michel³

et al. 2020

AZL

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“…Data for Ischnocnema henselii are not available. 21 In Arthroleptis, skin development can be divided into four major phases (embryonic, "tadpole", metamorphic and adult; Figure 9) that are also typical for many biphasic species. 60,61 At TS4 embryonic ectoderm is a single-cell layered epithelium not yet differentiated into an epidermis.…”

Section: Skin Histology In Arthroleptis Exhibits a Phase Of Metamormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding other direct-developing species, detailed histological data are only available for two developmental stages of I. henselii. 21 At TS6, the epidermis of this species F I G U R E 9 Schematic summary of the skin composition of Arthroleptis at different developmental stages. Presumptive thyroid gland activity inferred from histological measurements is indicated in lilac is a single-layered epithelium overlaying an undifferentiated mesenchymal dermis.…”

Section: Skin Histology In Arthroleptis Exhibits a Phase Of Metamormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…18,19 However, morphological studies on the embryonic development of direct-developing frogs are limited to only a few species. 6,13,[20][21][22] The only species in which direct development has been investigated in greater detail is the Puerto Rican coqui, Eleutherodactylus coqui Thomas, 1966. 19,23-34 Although direct-developing frogs have departed profoundly from their ancestral ontogeny 6,19,35 , studies in E. coqui have shown that several developmental events are still under the control of TH 23,36 and that it undergoes a cryptic metamorphosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parallel evolution of direct development in frogs ‐ Skin and thyroid gland development in African Squeaker Frogs (Anura: Arthroleptidae: Arthroleptis)

Naumann¹,

Schweiger²,

Hammel

et al. 2021

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: Cases of parallel evolution offer the possibility to identify adaptive traits and to uncover developmental constraints on the evolutionary trajectories of these traits. The independent evolution of direct development from the ancestral biphasic life history in frogs is such a case of parallel evolution. In frogs, aquatic larvae (tadpoles) differ profoundly from their adult forms and exhibit a stunning diversity regarding their habitats, morphology and feeding behaviors. The transition from the tadpole to the adult is a climactic, thyroid hormone (TH)-dependent process of profound and fast morphological rearrangement called metamorphosis. One of the organ systems that experiences the most comprehensive metamorphic rearrangements is the skin. Direct-developing frogs lack a free-swimming tadpole and hatch from terrestrial eggs as fully formed froglets. In the few species examined, development is characterized by the condensed and transient formation of some tadpolespecific features and the early formation of adult-specific features during a "cryptic" metamorphosis. Results: We show that skin in direct-developing African squeaker frogs (Arthroleptis) is also repatterned from a tadpole-like to an adult-like histology during a cryptic metamorphosis. This repatterning correlates with histological thyroid gland maturation. A comparison with data from the Puerto Rican coqui (Eleutherodactylus coqui) reveals that the evolution of direct development in these frogs is associated with a comparable heterochronic shift of thyroid gland maturation. Conclusion: This suggests that the development of many adult features is still dependent on, and possibly constrained by, the ancestral dependency on thyroid hormone signaling.

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Direct development or endotrophic tadpole? Morphological aspects of the early ontogeny of the plump toad Osornophryne occidentalis (Anura: Bufonidae)

Romero‐Carvajal

Negrete

Salazar‐Nicholls

et al. 2023

Journal of Morphology

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Andean Toads of the genus Osornophryne are suspected to have direct development on the basis of clutch and egg features. In this work, we describe the morphology of Osornophryne occidentalis embryos from a nest collected in the field. Several traits are similar to those reported in brachycephaloid Eleutherodactylus coqui and other direct‐developing lineages. These include the pattern of formation of the body wall and the absence of oral and buccopharyngeal structures. Other features indicate the retention of ancestral larval characters. The development of forelimbs occurs in part within the operculum as in species with biphasic ontogeny; this has been reported in other direct‐developing species, and is similar to what is described in African viviparous bufonids. This salient feature, along with the long, low‐finned tail and the long and folded intestine early differentiated, gives these embryos a rather tadpole‐like appearance. Our data confirm that development in O. occidentalis occurs within terrestrial eggs until advanced stages, and this would satisfy current definitions of direct development. At the same time, morphological differences regarding other species with comparable breeding reinforce interpretations about the wide anatomical and ontogenetic variations associated with endotrophic nutrition.

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Increasing our knowledge on direct-developing frogs: The ontogeny of Ischnocnema henselii (Anura: Brachycephalidae)

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Testicular histology of Anurans that deposit eggs out of water

Testicular histology of Anurans that deposit eggs out of water

Parallel evolution of direct development in frogs ‐ Skin and thyroid gland development in African Squeaker Frogs (Anura: Arthroleptidae: Arthroleptis)

Direct development or endotrophic tadpole? Morphological aspects of the early ontogeny of the plump toad Osornophryne occidentalis (Anura: Bufonidae)

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