Increasing Incidence of Midterm and Long-Term Complications After Endovascular Graft Repair of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: A Note of Caution Based on a 9-Year Experience

CT Findings of Risk Factors for Persistent Type II Endoleak from Inferior Mesenteric Artery to Determine Indicators of Preoperative IMA Embolization

“…14,15) When compared with type I and III endoleaks, type II is considered to be usually benign because as many as 80% of type II endoleak occurrences are resolved spontaneously within 6 months after EVAR. 16,17) However, type II endoleak that persists more than 6 months is less likely to be resolved and is associated with a higher risk of adverse events than is transient type II endoleak.…”

Conversion to Open Surgery After Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Repair

“…This can reduce the number of fatal urgent cases 12 . The current absolute indications for conversion to OS are determined; as primary (immediate) in case of stentgraft implantation failure leading to the inability to deploy the prosthesis and exclude the aneurysmal sac from the direct blood flow or resulting in aortic rupture or obstruction of both iliac arteries, and as secondary for hemodynamically high flow persistent endoleak, continued AAA growth without evidence of endoleak and infected stentgraft 7,10,13 . Appropriate patient selection, correct sizing of prostheses and good procedural technique are of importance in EVAR failure and thus in the prevention of the risk involved in the conversion to OS [32][33][34] .…”

“…Fortunately, most EVAR complications can be and are treated successfully using endovascular corrections and conversions or open sugical corrections to achieve acceptable primary technical and longterm clinical success [4][5] . Nevertheless, the higher operating risk conversion to open surgery (OS) is sometimes necessary in serious cases [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] .…”

Surgical corrections of endovascular aneurysms: Repair complications

“…Based on a lower operating risk, endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is generally an accepted alternative to abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) treatment despite its tendency to technical failure with a high re-intervention rate [1][2][3][4][5] . Fortunately, most EVAR specific complications related to the aneurysm and the stentgraft (such as endoleaks, stentgraft migration, kinking, stenosis or occlusion) are usually successfully solved to facilitate or preserve the stentgraft function or passage and to achieve acceptable primary technical and longterm clinical success.…”