Increasing incidence of injuries and fatalities inflicted by wild animals in Kashmir

Nabi, Dar G.; Tak, Shafaat Rashid; Kangoo, Khurshid Ahmad; Halwai, Manzoor Ahmed

doi:10.1016/j.injury.2008.06.042

Cited by 62 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Bear attacks have been reported worldwide (29,52,106,164,188,214,227). Human injuries from grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) in the national parks of North America have been reported, with an injury rate of 1 person per 2 million visitors (106).…”

Section: Rare Infectious Diseases In Humans Acquired From Cats and Domentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology of Animal Bite Wound Infections

2011

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SUMMARY The microbiology of animal bite wound infections in humans is often polymicrobial, with a broad mixture of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. Bacteria recovered from infected bite wounds are most often reflective of the oral flora of the biting animal, which can also be influenced by the microbiome of their ingested prey and other foods. Bacteria may also originate from the victim's own skin or the physical environment at the time of injury. Our review has focused on bite wound infections in humans from dogs, cats, and a variety of other animals such as monkeys, bears, pigs, ferrets, horses, sheep, Tasmanian devils, snakes, Komodo dragons, monitor lizards, iguanas, alligators/crocodiles, rats, guinea pigs, hamsters, prairie dogs, swans, and sharks. The medical literature in this area has been made up mostly of small case series or case reports. Very few studies have been systematic and are often limited to dog or cat bite injuries. Limitations of studies include a lack of established or inconsistent criteria for an infected wound and a failure to utilize optimal techniques in pathogen isolation, especially for anaerobic organisms. There is also a lack of an understanding of the pathogenic significance of all cultured organisms. Gathering information and conducting research in a more systematic and methodical fashion through an organized research network, including zoos, veterinary practices, and rural clinics and hospitals, are needed to better define the microbiology of animal bite wound infections in humans.

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Section: Rare Infectious Diseases In Humans Acquired From Cats and Domentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology of Animal Bite Wound Infections

2011

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“…The felines (basically leopards (Panthera pardus) (Nabi et al 2009a), jaguars (Panthera onca) (Neto et al 2011), lions (Panthera leo) (Packer et al 2005), tigers (Panthera tigris) (Langley and Hunter 2001), and cougars (Puma concolor)) attack humans in the same way in most cases. They carry out a solitary surprise attack motivated by a predatory behavior that can be stimulated by the quick erratic movements of the victim (e.g., jogging or running) (Conrad 1992;Rollins and Spencer 1995).…”

Section: Felidaementioning

confidence: 99%

Large carnivore attacks on hominins during the Pleistocene: a forensic approach with a Neanderthal example

Camarós

Cueto

Lorenzo

et al. 2015

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Interaction between hominins and carnivores has been common and constant through human evolution and generated mutual pressures similar to those present in worldwide modern human-carnivore conflicts. This current interaction is sometimes violent and can be reflected in permanent skeletal pathologies and other bone modifications. In the present paper, we carry out a survey of 124 forensic cases of dangerous human-carnivore encounters. The objective is to infer direct hominin-carnivore confrontation during the Pleistocene, which is important to understand behavioral changes during human evolution. In addition, the case of Neanderthals is analyzed in order to find evidence of past attacks using forensic observations. The results obtained pose that Neanderthals could potentially have been involved in dangerous encounters during the Pleistocene, validating our methodology to approach past attacks from a forensic perspective.

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“…Other animals in the study were tiger and wolf. 3,4 In bear maul injury group most of the victims were young men (73%) working in their paddy fields or apple orchids. High no of male victims may be attributed to the fact of increased outdoor activities by men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar pattern has been reported in other studies. 3,4,9,12,13 However a significant number of attacks reported in the last few years happened in residential areas where a bear entered in the residential area and attacked people. This can be attributed to the fact due to population explosion people have started making their homes closer to forest areas and converting more and more paddy fields into apple orchids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Causalities of human wildlife conflict in Kashmir valley, India; a neglected form of trauma: our 10 year study

et al. 2017

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Background: Human wild life conflict is increasing at an alarming rate. The topography of Kashmir valley, India makes the people at risk of wild life injuries all the time. We have been seeing increasing number of victims of wild life injuries during harvesting season for many years with maximum number of injuries due to bear maul. Objective was to see the incidence and pattern of injuries due to human wild life conflict besides surgical challenges and outcome of such injuriesMethods: This was a retrospective study of 10 years duration done between 2005 to 2016. Data was collected from hospital records and records of wild life conservation department.Results: Human wild life conflict is increasing at an alarming rate. Bear was the most common animal responsible for human animal conflict, followed by leopard. Monkey and red fox attacks were less common and less lethal. Mortality was highest in leopard attacks.Conclusions: Human wild life conflict is certainly increasing. Most of the attacks due to bear and leopard are devastating. Most of the survivors of such attacks are left with some degree of disability and psychiatric disturbances. Maintaining ecological balance is the best way to control human animal conflict.

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Increasing incidence of injuries and fatalities inflicted by wild animals in Kashmir

Cited by 62 publications

References 11 publications

Microbiology of Animal Bite Wound Infections

Microbiology of Animal Bite Wound Infections

Large carnivore attacks on hominins during the Pleistocene: a forensic approach with a Neanderthal example

Causalities of human wildlife conflict in Kashmir valley, India; a neglected form of trauma: our 10 year study

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