Increasing energy efficiency and resource saving thanks to the design solution on the use of reversible jet ventilation system for four-storied underground garage in national cultural center of Kazan

Abstract

In modern metropolitan cities, mass construction of multi-storied underground and closed-type above-ground garages of quite large areas with quite low ceilings (up to 3.5 - 2.5 m) is observed, which requires new approaches to the selection of the ventilation arrangement and its main technical characteristics. Jet ventilation systems have found extensive use. In 2018 in Kazan, an underground four-storied garage equipped with reversible jet ventilation and smoke extraction system (the first in Russia) was constructed and handed over to the customer. Taking into account the absence of any experience in Russia in the field of design and construction of jet ventilation systems, a comparative analysis of traditional duct ventilation systems and jet ventilation systems of closed (underground) car-parking spaces widely used all over the world has been performed. The choice of reversible jet ventilation is justified keeping in mind the parameters of energy efficiency and underground space development effectiveness. In this work, we have performed a critical analysis of ventilation systems with regard exactly to these parameters. Besides, we have shown the advantage of reversible jet ventilation in terms of ensuring safe evacuation of people in the case of fire. For the first time, we propose a scientifically grounded method of calculation of longitudinal jet ventilation and smoke removal system of the parking lot. As a result, design rules have been developed to ensure human safety in case of fire and energy efficiency in normal operation of the jet ventilation system.