Increasing Empathy and Reducing Prejudice: An Argument for Fictive Osteobiographical Narrative

Boutin, Alexis T.; Callahan, Matthew Paolucci

doi:10.5744/bi.2019.1001

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Boutin (2017, p. 400), however, cautions that we should avoid projecting contemporary ideals of identity, such as age, sex, and status, into the past or assume they "were salient in a society so distant in time and space from our own." Bioarchaeologists have increasingly addressed the aspects of individual embodied identities that may be understood from the analysis of human skeletal remains with associated context (e.g., Agarwal, 2016;Boutin & Callahan, 2019;Buikstra et al, 2011;de la Cova, 2011de la Cova, , 2012Harrod & Stone, 2018;Meskell & Joyce, 2003;Stodder & Palkovich, 2012). Discussions of the life course, with a focus on age as an aspect of identity (Gowland, , 2017Sofaer, 2011), gender (Geller, 2008(Geller, , 2009Hollimon, 2011;Perry & Joyce, 2001;Sofaer, 2006), ethnogenesis (Hu, 2013;Klaus & Tam Chang, 2009;Stojanowski, 2005;Sutter, 2009), marginalization (de la Cova, 2019;Mant & Holland, 2019;Zuckerman, 2017), structural violence (de la Cova, 2017; Klaus, 2012;Knüsel & Smith, 2014;Martin & Harrod, 2015;Pérez, 2012;Watkins, 2018) and personhood (Boutin, 2016) enrich the discussion of past lives.…”

Section: Bioarchaeology and Intersectionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersectionality and trauma analysis in bioarchaeology

Mant

Cova

Brickley

2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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Intersectionality, the theory named by Kimberlé Crenshaw, outlines how multiple elements of an individual's social identity overlap to create and preserve societal inequalities and discrimination. Recently bioarchaeology's engagement with intersectionality has become increasingly explicit, as the field recognizes the lived experience of multiple axes of an individual's identity. Evidence of trauma can remain observable in an individual's skeleton for years, making it an ideal subject of study for intersectional analyses in bioarchaeology. Using contrasting case studies of two individuals who died in hospitals and were unclaimed after death, we explore the theoretical and methodological application of intersectionality to investigations of accidental and interpersonal trauma. Differences in identities and structural inequalities affect bone quality and health outcomes. As we demonstrate, a broken bone is the intersecting result of biological, histomorphological, sociocultural, and behavioral factors. This approach allows for a better acknowledgement of the inherent complexity of past lives, elevating and amplifying previously silenced voices. In this way, intersectionality in bioarchaeology demands social justice.

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Section: Bioarchaeology and Intersectionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Intersectionality and trauma analysis in bioarchaeology

Mant

Cova

Brickley

2021

American J Phys Anthropol

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“…ALA038 was, furthermore, placed in a wooden coffin (unpreserved, but attested by wood impressions in the plaster surrounding it) [ 101 , 106 ]. While this general order of interments is clear [ 106 ], the time interval between each burial is not–there could have been between one to up to four separate events; the semi-disarticulated state of ALA003’s remains [ 104 ] suggests that even the lowest two individuals may not have originally been placed in the grave at the same time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Osteological analyses concluded that three individuals in the grave were likely female and one individual (ALA001) male. ALA002 was tentatively ascribed as female on the basis of pelvic and cranial morphology and post-cranial robusticity [ 104 , 105 ]. Genetic sexing has now revealed that this individual was actually male, which changes the arrangement of the tomb to an even sex ratio (2:2) [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isotopic analysis confirms that ALA001, ALA002, and ALA038 likely grew up at Alalakh, while the difference in the strontium ratio of the two samples from ALA003 could indicate that this individual moved to Alalakh from within the Amuq Valley during early childhood (if an M1 was sampled by Meiggs [ 147 ]; see also above). Although it was not possible to generate genetic data for ALA003, her presence in the lower layer of the tomb and the semi-disarticulated state of her remains [ 104 ] suggest that she was also a part of this family group and was likely either from the same generation as ALA001 (perhaps his wife and/or his sister?) or an earlier one (perhaps his mother?).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exception to this, and the most intriguing burial at the site, is the Plastered Tomb. Located in the extra-city cemetery, it was built of several layers of plaster encasing four individuals that dates to the end of LB I [ 104 – 106 ]. This is the richest burial found at the site, with 13 vessels and numerous items of adornment, including beads made of gold, carnelian, and vitreous materials, pins of bronze and silver, and pieces of foil and stamped appliques made of gold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Human mobility at Tell Atchana (Alalakh), Hatay, Turkey during the 2nd millennium BC: Integration of isotopic and genomic evidence

et al. 2021

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The Middle and Late Bronze Age, a period roughly spanning the 2nd millennium BC (ca. 2000–1200 BC) in the Near East, is frequently referred to as the first ‘international age’, characterized by intense and far-reaching contacts between different entities from the eastern Mediterranean to the Near East and beyond. In a large-scale tandem study of stable isotopes and ancient DNA of individuals excavated at Tell Atchana (Alalakh, located in Hatay, Turkey), we explored the role of mobility at the capital of a regional kingdom, named Mukish during the Late Bronze Age, which spanned the Amuq Valley and some areas beyond. We generated strontium and oxygen isotope data from dental enamel for 53 individuals and 77 individuals, respectively, and added ancient DNA data of 10 newly sequenced individuals to a dataset of 27 individuals published in 2020. Additionally, we improved the DNA coverage of one individual from this 2020 dataset. The DNA data revealed a very homogeneous gene pool. This picture of an overwhelmingly local ancestry was consistent with the evidence of local upbringing in most of the individuals indicated by the isotopic data, where only five were found to be non-local. High levels of contact, trade, and exchange of ideas and goods in the Middle and Late Bronze Ages, therefore, seem not to have translated into high levels of individual mobility detectable at Tell Atchana.

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Twenty‐first century bioarchaeology: Taking stock and moving forward

Buikstra

DeWitte

Baker

et al. 2022

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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This article presents outcomes from a Workshop entitled “Bioarchaeology: Taking Stock and Moving Forward,” which was held at Arizona State University (ASU) on March 6–8, 2020. Funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the School of Human Evolution and Social Change (ASU), and the Center for Bioarchaeological Research (CBR, ASU), the Workshop's overall goal was to explore reasons why research proposals submitted by bioarchaeologists, both graduate students and established scholars, fared disproportionately poorly within recent NSF Anthropology Program competitions and to offer advice for increasing success. Therefore, this Workshop comprised 43 international scholars and four advanced graduate students with a history of successful grant acquisition, primarily from the United States. Ultimately, we focused on two related aims: (1) best practices for improving research designs and training and (2) evaluating topics of contemporary significance that reverberate through history and beyond as promising trajectories for bioarchaeological research. Among the former were contextual grounding, research question/hypothesis generation, statistical procedures appropriate for small samples and mixed qualitative/quantitative data, the salience of Bayesian methods, and training program content. Topical foci included ethics, social inequality, identity (including intersectionality), climate change, migration, violence, epidemic disease, adaptability/plasticity, the osteological paradox, and the developmental origins of health and disease. Given the profound changes required globally to address decolonization in the 21st century, this concern also entered many formal and informal discussions.

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Increasing Empathy and Reducing Prejudice: An Argument for Fictive Osteobiographical Narrative

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Intersectionality and trauma analysis in bioarchaeology

Intersectionality and trauma analysis in bioarchaeology

Human mobility at Tell Atchana (Alalakh), Hatay, Turkey during the 2nd millennium BC: Integration of isotopic and genomic evidence

Twenty‐first century bioarchaeology: Taking stock and moving forward

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