Increasing dietary palmitic acid decreases fat oxidation and daily energy expenditure

Abstract

Increases in dietary PA decrease fat oxidation and daily energy expenditure, whereas decreases in PA and increases in OA had the opposite effect. Increases in dietary PA may increase the risk of obesity and insulin resistance.

Dietary Monounsaturated Fatty Acids Are Protective Against Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors

“…Furthermore, the changes in body mass and fat mass were accompanied with a decrease in waist-to-hip ratio after the MUFA rich versus the SFA rich diets. The favorable modifications in body composition and amelioration of weight gain after consumption of MUFA compared to SFA have also been observed in healthy subjects [107].…”

“…Thus, since a direct correlation exists between visceral fat and risk factors for metabolic syndrome [112], OLA concentrating in subcutaneous fat versus visceral fat may be less atherogenic. Moreover, dietary MUFA may be preferentially oxidized as compared to other dietary fatty acids, as the degree of fatty acid chain length and unsaturation may contribute to the partitioning of dietary fat to energy expenditure versus energy storage [107,[113][114][115][116]. Furthermore, the metabolism of dietary fat stimulates behavioral changes in food intake preference [117].…”

Recipe for revealing informative metabolites based on model population analysis

“…Aliquots of plasma were stored at -80°C until required for GC/MS analysis. All clinical experiments (Kien et al 2005) were approved by Xiangya Institutional Human Subjects Committee. GC/MS analysis of the plasma samples are performed on a Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 gas chromatography quadrupole mass spectrometer (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan).…”

Effects of Different Dietary Fatty Acids on Human Energy Balance, Body Weight, Fat Mass, and Abdominal Fat

“…The thermic effect of food for PUFA and MUFA diets were reported to be 12.3% and 11.8%, respectively, and only 9.6% in the SFA diet (P < 0.05) [53]. In another crossover study, a diet high in MUFA maintained, while an isoenergetic high-SFA diet significantly decreased, total daily energy expenditure after 28 days of consumption [60]. The underlying mechanisms of elevated thermic effect by unsaturated fats may be due to an increase in the expression of UCP2 mRNA (encoding mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2) in the liver and UCP3 mRNA in skeletal muscle, as previously demonstrated in animal studies [56,[61][62][63].…”

“…Using RQ as an indicator of substrate oxidation, animals that were fed PUFA (fish oil and sunflower oil) has significantly lower RQs than those fed SFA (beef tallow) [82]. In a human study, participants who followed a high-MUFA diet for 28 days also showed a significant decrease in RQ compared to those who followed a high-SFA diet [60]. In another 6-month study, RQ was also observed to be significantly lower when participants followed a high-MUFA diet [69].…”