Increasing Dietary Fish Oil Reduces Adiposity and Mitigates Bone Deterioration in Growing C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Cao, Jay; Grégoire, Brian; Michelsen, Kim; Picklo, Matthew J.

doi:10.1093/jn/nxz215

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Dietary supplementation with long-chain n-3 (ω-3) PUFAs, supplied as fish oil (FO), which is known for its antiinflammatory effects, demonstrated to be beneficial for skeletal health, as evidenced by increased osteogenesis and decreased osteoclastogenesis (179,180). A recent study by Cao et al (192) reported that 6 months of a FO diet increased bone density and microstructure. However, they did not investigate bone adiposity or inflammatory responses in BM in these conditions.…”

Section: Life-style Interventions: Dietary and Physical Activity Intementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity-Induced Changes in Bone Marrow Homeostasis

Beňová

Tencerová

2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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Obesity is characterized by low-grade inflammation, which is accompanied by increased accumulation of immune cells in peripheral tissues including adipose tissue (AT), skeletal muscle, liver and pancreas, thereby impairing their primary metabolic functions in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Obesity has also shown to have a detrimental effect on bone homeostasis by altering bone marrow and hematopoietic stem cell differentiation and thus impairing bone integrity and immune cell properties. The origin of immune cells arises in the bone marrow, which has been shown to be affected with the obesogenic condition via increased cellularity and shifting differentiation and function of hematopoietic and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in favor of myeloid progenitors and increased bone marrow adiposity. These obesity-induced changes in the bone marrow microenvironment lead to dramatic bone marrow remodeling and compromising immune cell functions, which in turn affect systemic inflammatory conditions and regulation of whole-body metabolism. However, there is limited information on the inflammatory secretory factors creating the bone marrow microenvironment and how these factors changed during metabolic complications. This review summarizes recent findings on inflammatory and cellular changes in the bone marrow in relation to obesity and further discuss whether dietary intervention or physical activity may have beneficial effects on the bone marrow microenvironment and whole-body metabolism.

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Section: Life-style Interventions: Dietary and Physical Activity Intementioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity-Induced Changes in Bone Marrow Homeostasis

Beňová

Tencerová

2020

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…In addition, ALP is a key enzyme marker of bone formation due to its action in regulating the process of biomineralization [29]. Previous studies have shown that the expression level of ALP decreased in 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet for 6 months [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Bone Metabolism and Protein Expression in Mice Fed a High-Fat diet Versus Pre-Hibernation Fattening in Daurian Ground Squirrels: A Comparison Between Pathological and Healthy Obesity

Gao¹,

Shen²,

Niu³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background This study compared effects on bone metabolism and morphology of pathological obesity induced by excessive fat intake in a non-hibernator (mice) versus healthy obesity due to pre-hibernation fattening in a hibernator (ground squirrels). Methods Kunming mice were fed a high-fat diet for 3 months to provide a model of pathological obesity (OB group). Daurian ground squirrels fattened naturally in their pre-hibernation season (PRE group) were used as a healthy obesity model. Body weight and adipose tissue wet weight were measured. Micro-computed tomography and three-point bending tests were used to determine the microstructure and mechanical properties of bone. Western blots were used to analyze protein expression levels related to bone formation (RunX2, OCN, ALP), bone resorption (RANKL, Cathepsin K, MMP9) and Wnt signaling (P-β-catenin, GSK-3β). Results Micro-CT showed that there was no obvious bone loss in the OB group, compared with controls, whereas bone formation in the PRE group was enhanced, compared to summer-active squirrels. Results of three-point bending tests showed that stiffness of the femur in OB mice was significantly enhanced, whereas the mechanical properties of bone in the PRE group did not change. Analysis of bone protein expression showed significantly increased expression levels of ALP, OCN, RANKL, MMP9, Cathepsin K, GSK-3β and P-β-catenin in OB mice, but RunX2 expression did not change. By contrast, PRE ground squirrels, showed significantly increased expression of most proteins except for OCN that decreased significantly, and P-β-catenin that did not change. Conclusion For non-hibernating mice, moderate obesity had a certain protective effect on bones, demonstrating two-way regulation, enhancing both bone loss and bone formation, so that bone metabolism was at a higher level of metabolic balance. For pre-hibernating ground squirrels, the healthy obesity acquired before hibernation had a positive effect on the microstructure of bones and also enhanced the expression levels of proteins related to bone formation, bone resorption and Wnt signaling.

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“…and bone mass of second lumbar vertebrae and lower femoral Tb.Sp. [ 75 ]. In contrast, no differences in femur BMD or biomechanical strength properties were found in forty-day-old male Sprague–Dawley rats maintained for 65 days on HFDs containing coconut oil, flaxseed oil or safflower oil or a standard diet.…”

Section: Dietary Lipids and Bone Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Interactions between Dietary Lipids and Bone Tissue during Aging

Romero-Márquez

Varela-López

Navarro-Hortal

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Age-related bone disorders such as osteoporosis or osteoarthritis are a major public health problem due to the functional disability for millions of people worldwide. Furthermore, fractures are associated with a higher degree of morbidity and mortality in the long term, which generates greater financial and health costs. As the world population becomes older, the incidence of this type of disease increases and this effect seems notably greater in those countries that present a more westernized lifestyle. Thus, increased efforts are directed toward reducing risks that need to focus not only on the prevention of bone diseases, but also on the treatment of persons already afflicted. Evidence is accumulating that dietary lipids play an important role in bone health which results relevant to develop effective interventions for prevent bone diseases or alterations, especially in the elderly segment of the population. This review focuses on evidence about the effects of dietary lipids on bone health and describes possible mechanisms to explain how lipids act on bone metabolism during aging. Little work, however, has been accomplished in humans, so this is a challenge for future research.

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Increasing Dietary Fish Oil Reduces Adiposity and Mitigates Bone Deterioration in Growing C57BL/6 Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Cited by 21 publications

References 60 publications

Obesity-Induced Changes in Bone Marrow Homeostasis

Obesity-Induced Changes in Bone Marrow Homeostasis

Differential Bone Metabolism and Protein Expression in Mice Fed a High-Fat diet Versus Pre-Hibernation Fattening in Daurian Ground Squirrels: A Comparison Between Pathological and Healthy Obesity

Molecular Interactions between Dietary Lipids and Bone Tissue during Aging

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