Increasing Agricultural Resilience through Combined Supply and Demand Management (Case Study: Karaj Reservoir Dam, Iran)

Abstract

Among the solutions to climate change’s harmful effects, AS (Adaptation Strategies) are more feasible. In this study, four AS, Changing Cultivation Dates (CCD), Deficit Irrigation (DI), Improving Irrigation Performance (IIP), and Optimizing the Crop Pattern (OCP), were investigated. The results showed that the WUE (Water Use Efficiency) was declined when the cultivation date was changed for all crops in the baseline and increased after the cultivation date was brought forward to 7,14,14,28,28 days for tomato, wheat, corn, barley and cucumber, respectively, in the future period. Deficit irrigation of 30% increased the WUE in all crops. A 48% increase in irrigation performance reduced demand by 10%. Following the OCP and diminishing the cultivation area by 30% increased farmers’ total profit and reduced the water consumption volume by 9% and 11%, respectively, in the baseline and future periods. To study the effect of these AS on crop yield and allocated volume, a combination of crop model programming and the MOEPO (Multi-Objective Emperor Penguin Optimizer) was employed to minimize Vulnerability and maximize Reliability Indexes (Performance Indexes). In the supply section, three scenarios were examined. The results showed that DI, IIP, CCD and OCP were classified from the most to the least option based on improving the Performance Indexes.

Comprehensive Evaluation and Coupled Coordinated Development Study of Water–Economic–Ecological Systems in the Five Northwestern Provinces of China

“…Scientific Principle: The selection and design of indicators should be based on scientific theories and empirical research, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the indicators. This will provide scientific interpretability and comparability of the evaluation results [20][21][22].…”

An Agent-Based Model for Determining the Agriculture Demand Based on Farmers' Socio-Economic Characteristics

“…Crops agronomic characteristics (CD (m3/ha), Yp (ton/ha), Ky) and cost and sale of products (Cc (($/ha)) and Sc ($/Kg)) were given from our last published research, which was done downstream of the Karaj reservoir dam. In this study, bringing forward and postponing the cultivation date was considered 7, 14, 21, and 28 days [44]. The defined problem was investigated in two scenarios.…”

Optimization of reaction temperature and Ni–W–Mo catalyst soaking time in oil upgrading: application to kinetic modeling of in-situ upgrading

“…In order to find optimum condition, there are different multi objective optimization algorithms published in previous researches. Also, there are 24 – 26 different kinetic studies evaluating composition variation with time during oil upgrading. Kinetic evaluations provide detail of composition variation with time 16 , 20 , 27 – 32 .…”