Increasing Adipocyte Number as the Basis for Perirenal Depot Growth in Adult Rats

Bertrand, Helen A.; Ej, Masoro; Yu, BP

doi:10.1126/science.151328

Cited by 89 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Whether changes in the release of this or other neuromodulators could be relevant for the lipolytic resistance in obesity remains to be elucidated. Obesity is characterized by an increase in number and size of fat cells (39,40). One could imagine that a disproportional increase in fat cell mass in relation to efferent sympathetic nerve fibers and/or blood vessels may serve as an explanation for the present results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

The subcutaneous lipolytic response to regional neural stimulation is reduced in obese women.

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Disturbed fat tissue metabolism with a reduction of the lipolytic rate could be an important pathogenetic factor in obesity. Lipolysis of the subcutaneous tissue of the thigh is partly under neural control and can be increased by intraneural stimulation of the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve in lean women. In the present study, we tested whether the lipolytic response to intraneural stimulation is altered in vivo in obese subjects. Seven obese women were examined and the results were compared with those of seven age-matched lean women. After an overnight fast, the lateral cutaneous femoral nerve was intraneurally stimulated for 10 min, and the local subcutaneous lipolytic response to this procedure was evaluated with microdialytic measurements of interstitial glycerol concentrations in the receptive field of the stimulated nerve fascicle. To exclude unspecific effects of stimulation, lipolysis was also controlled in a corresponding area of the contralateral leg. Intraneural stimulation produced no significant change in subcutaneous lipolysis in obese women (25.7 ± 9.7%, NS). This finding is in sharp contrast with the marked regional lipolytic response in lean women in which the same stimulation procedure enhanced the regional interstitial glycerol levels by 72 ± 17% (P < 0.05) compared with the unstimulated corresponding area of the contralateral leg. These in vivo results suggest that human obesity is characterized by a profound unresponsiveness of the subcutaneous adipose tissue to neurally stimulated lipolysis. This could be an important factor in the development and treatment of obesity. Diabetes 49:1875-1879, 2000 T he pathogenesis of obesity has been suggested to be intimately linked to the catecholaminergic regulation of lipolysis and the function of the sympathetic nervous system (1-3). Norepinephrine and epinephrine activate lipolysis via ␤ 1 -, ␤ 2 -, and ␤ 3 -adrenoceptors and inhibit it via ␣ 2 -adrenoceptors, and these neurotransmitters are the most important lipolytic substances in vivo (4). Defects of catecholamine-induced lipolysis have been observed in a number of obese subjects, and polymorphisms of the ␤ 2 -(5) and ␤ 3 -receptors (6) were suggested as explanations for this observation.The importance of sympathetic innervation of fat tissue is underlined by the observation that the recently described weight-regulating hormones, leptin (7), and the proopiomelanocorticotropin-derivate ␣-MSH (8) not only reduce appetite but also induce sympathoexcitation via the central nervous system. The relevance of such effects is obvious for the metabolically highly active brown adipose tissue in rats, which is densely innervated by sympathetic nerves directly controlled by autonomic brain stem centers (9-11). By comparison, the innervation of white adipose tissue (WAT) is sparse (12), and its role in regulating fat tissue metabolism is ill defined in humans (9,13). Recent studies from our laboratory on subjects with spinal cord injuries suggested that the neural control of basal WAT lipolysis appears to be i...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

The subcutaneous lipolytic response to regional neural stimulation is reduced in obese women.

et al. 2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These authors also suggested that after a specific mean size is achieved for existing fat cells, unknown events trigger the formation of new fat cells. Bertrand and Masoro (1978) also reported an increase in adipocyte number in the perirenal fat pad without dietary manipulations when Fisher rats were experimentally controlled from 6 to 18 months of age, but failed to observe the same effect on the epididymal fat pad.…”

Section: Nutritional Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Variations in cellularity due to differences among species , among fat depots within species (Moody and Cassens, 1958;Anderson et al, 1972;Hood and Allen, 1973b;Bertrand and Masoro, 1978) and even within the same fat depot contribute to a lack of understanding on adipose tissue development. Waters (1909) stated that the amount of adipose tissue in an animal is primarily dependent upon the number and size of the fat cells.…”

Section: Adipose Tissue Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bertrand and Masoro (1978) indicated that the evidence for a fixed number of fat cells came from studies performed during short periods of the animal's total life-span. BjSrntorp et al (1979) stated that even when their results were consistent with the concept that no new adipocytes were formed spontaneously in the adult Sprague-Dawley rat, new fat cells could develop in the epididymal fat pads of the adult rat under certain circum stances .…”

Section: Similarly Epididymal and Retroperitoneal Depots In The Normalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These data suggest that a population of small cells started to appear due to either the filling of pre-existing cells with lipid or to the differentiation of precursor fat cells into new adipocytes. The widely accepted concept of fixed number of adipo cytes at maturity is being challenged (Bertrand and Masoro, 1978;BjSrntorp et al, 1979;Klyde and Hirsch, 1979a,b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Adipose tissue growth, distribution and cellularity in steers of two biological types

Cianzio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cellular and Molecular Basis of Functional Differences among Fat Depots

Thomou

Tchkonia

Kirkland

2010

Adipose Tissue in Health and Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing Adipocyte Number as the Basis for Perirenal Depot Growth in Adult Rats

Cited by 89 publications

References 11 publications

The subcutaneous lipolytic response to regional neural stimulation is reduced in obese women.

The subcutaneous lipolytic response to regional neural stimulation is reduced in obese women.

Adipose tissue growth, distribution and cellularity in steers of two biological types

Cellular and Molecular Basis of Functional Differences among Fat Depots

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About