Increases in Rates of Suicide and Suicide Attempts Among Black Adolescents

Shain, Benjamin

doi:10.1542/peds.2019-1912

Cited by 39 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…[28][29][30] In addition, although suicide rates in the United States have traditionally been higher among white youth, recent evidence reflects increasing rates among youth in other racial and ethnic groups. 31,32 The final sample included 1320 youth with child welfare involvement (n = 120 suicide decedents; n = 1200 matched controls). Age during the open case, sex, race, and ethnicity were obtained from Ohio's Statewide Automated Child Welfare Information System.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Services Use by Children in the Welfare System Who Died by Suicide

et al. 2021

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Services Use by Children in the Welfare System Who Died by Suicide

et al. 2021

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“…One of the reasons our result is essential is that STBs increase in all children and youth; however, a more rapid increase can be seen in Black children and youth [ 84 ]. Our finding provides a new opportunity for understanding the recent trends and the Black and White suicide risk factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, Family Conflict and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors among 9–10-Year-Old American Children

Assari

Boyce

Bazargan

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Family conflict is known to operate as a major risk factor for children’s suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). However, it is unknown whether this effect is similar or different in Black and White children. Objectives: We compared Black and White children for the association between family conflict and STBs in a national sample of 9–10-year-old American children. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. This study included 9918 White or Black children between the ages of 9 and 10 living in married households. The predictor variable was family conflict. Race was the moderator. The outcome variable was STBs, treated as a count variable, reflecting positive STB items that were endorsed. Covariates included ethnicity, sex, age, immigration status, family structure, parental education, and parental employment, and household income. Poisson regression was used for data analysis. Results: Of all participants, 7751 were Whites, and 2167 were Blacks. In the pooled sample and in the absence of interaction terms, high family conflict was associated with higher STBs. A statistically significant association was found between Black race and family conflict, suggesting that the association between family conflict and STBs is stronger in Black than White children. Conclusion: The association between family conflict and STBs is stronger in Black than White children. Black children with family conflict may be at a higher risk of STBs than White children with the same family conflict level. These findings align with the literature on the more significant salience of social relations as determinants of mental health of Black than White people. Reducing family conflict should be regarded a significant element of suicide prevention for Black children in the US.

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“…Unfortunately, NHB children suicidality is overlooked. Suicide is increasing in NHB children and youth [ 38 ]. As a result, there is a need to address NHB youth suicide crisis [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Race by Sex Intersectionality Research on Suicidality in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study

2021

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Intersectional research on childhood suicidality requires studies with a reliable and valid measure of suicidality, as well as a large sample size that shows some variability of suicidality across sex by race intersectional groups. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the feasibility of intersectionality research on childhood suicidality in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. We specifically explored the reliability and validity of the measure, sample size, and variability of suicidality across sex by race intersectional groups. Methods: We used cross-sectional data (wave 1) from the ABCD study, which sampled 9013 non-Hispanic white (NHW) or non-Hispanic black (NHB) children between the ages of 9 and 10 between years 2016 and 2018. Four intersectional groups were built based on race and sex: NHW males (n = 3554), NHW females (n = 3158), NHB males (n = 1164), and NHB females (n = 1137). Outcome measure was the count of suicidality symptoms, reflecting all positive history and symptoms of suicidal ideas, plans, and attempts. To validate our measure, we tested the correlation between our suicidality measure and depression and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) sub-scores. Cronbach alpha was calculated for reliability across each intersectional group. We also compared groups for suicidality. Results: We observed some suicidality history in observed 3.2% (n = 101) of NHW females, 4.9% (n = 175) of NHW males, 5.4% (n = 61) of NHB females, and 5.8% (n = 68) of NHB males. Our measure’s reliability was acceptable in all race by sex groups (Cronbach alpha higher than .70+ in all intersectional groups). Our measure was valid in all intersectional groups, documented by a positive correlation with depression and CBCL sub-scores. We could successfully model suicidality across sex by race groups, using multivariable models. Conclusion: Given the high sample size, reliability, and validity of the suicidality measure, variability of suicidality, it is feasible to investigate correlates of suicidality across race by sex intersections in the ABCD study. We also found evidence of higher suicidality in NHB than NHW children in the ABCD study. The ABCD rich data in domains of social context, self-report, schools, parenting, psychopathology, personality, and brain imaging provides a unique opportunity to study intersectional differences in neural circuits associated with youth suicidality.

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Increases in Rates of Suicide and Suicide Attempts Among Black Adolescents

Cited by 39 publications

References 12 publications

Health Services Use by Children in the Welfare System Who Died by Suicide

Health Services Use by Children in the Welfare System Who Died by Suicide

Race, Family Conflict and Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors among 9–10-Year-Old American Children

Feasibility of Race by Sex Intersectionality Research on Suicidality in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study

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