Increases in Immunoreactive Parathyroid Hormone with Age

Wiske, Prescott S.; Epstein, Sol; Bell, Norman H.; Queener, Sherry F.; Edmondson, James W.; Johnston, C. Conrad

doi:10.1056/nejm197906213002506

Cited by 169 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The hormones most closely associated with remodeling activity have been those concerned with calcium regulation, such as parathyroid hormone (Wiske et al 1979, Jilka et al 1999, Neer et al 2001, Kim et al 2003, calcitonin (Martin 1983) and vitamin D (Gallagher et al 1979, Chapuy et al 1992. However, ever since Albright (1941) first described the phenomenon of postmenopausal bone loss, the influence of estrogen on bone has received considerable attention.…”

Section: The Endocrine Influence On Bone Modeling and Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When it became possible to measure functional bone strains in vivo (Lanyon & Smith 1970, Lanyon et al 1975, 1979, Goodship et al 1979, Lanyon & Bourn 1979, Rubin & Lanyon 1982, Lee et al 2002, it became clear that peak functional strains on bone surfaces were commonly at the level of 0·001-0·003 (sometimes referred to as 2000-3000 microstrain). However, since most long bones are subject to bending, the peak strains throughout them vary from compression (-) on one surface through zero at the neutral axis to tension (+) on the opposite side.…”

Section: Functional Strain As An Objective and Stimulus For Bone Archmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is estrogen receptor alpha key to controlling bones' resistance to fracture?

Lanyon¹,

Armstrong²,

Ong³

et al. 2004

Journal of Endocrinology

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The ability of bones to withstand functional loading without damage depends upon their cell populations establishing and subsequently maintaining a mass and architecture that are appropriately robust for the purpose. In women, the rapid loss of bone associated with the menopause represents a steplike decline in the effectiveness of this process with consequent increase in bone fragility. In men, loss of bone tissue and reduction in bone strength are more gradual and the increased incidence of fragility fractures occurs later. In both sexes, bone mass is associated with levels of bioavailable estrogen. This poses the major question as to how the presence or concentration of the reproductive hormone estrogen influences the relationship between bone mass and bone loading. In this paper, we briefly review evidence of the mechanism(s) by which the mechanical strains engendered by loading influence bone cells to establish and maintain structurally competent bone architecture. We highlight the finding that at least one strain-related cascade responsible for adaptive control of bone architecture is mediated through estrogen receptor (ER) , the number and activity of which are regulated by estrogen. We hypothesize that a major contributor to the rapid loss of bone mass that occurs in females, and the slower age-related fall in males and females, is reduced effectiveness of ER-mediated processing of strain-related information by resident bone cells.

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Section: The Endocrine Influence On Bone Modeling and Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functional Strain As An Objective and Stimulus For Bone Archmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is estrogen receptor alpha key to controlling bones' resistance to fracture?

Lanyon¹,

Armstrong²,

Ong³

et al. 2004

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Serum 1,25(OH)2D was measured by the method of Reinhardt et al (14). Serum immunoreactive PTH was measured by radioimmunoassay with a COOH-terminal specific antibody from chicken 77125 at a dilution of 1:10,000 (15). Serum Gla protein was determined by radioimmunoassay (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in blacks.

Bell¹,

Greene²,

Epstein³

et al. 1985

J. Clin. Invest.

407

214

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As compared with values in white subjects, bone mass is known to be increased and urinary calcium to be diminished in black individuals. To evaluate the possibility that these changes are associated with alterations in the vitamin Dendocrine system, an investigation was performed in 12 black subjects, 7 men and 5 women, and 14 white subjects, 8 men and 6 women, ranging in age from 20 to 35 yr. All of them were hospitalized on a metabolic ward and were given a constant daily diet containing 400 mg of calcium, 900 mg of phosphorus, and 110 meq of sodium. Whereas mean serum calcium, ionized calcium, and phosphate were the same in the two groups, mean serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (350±34 vs. 225±26 pg/ml, P < 0.01) and mean serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) (41±3 vs. 29±2 pg/ml, P < 0.01) were significantly higher, and mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) was significantly lower in the blacks than in the whites (6±1 vs. 20±2 ng/ml, P < 0.001). Mean urinary sodium and 24-h creatinine clearance were the same in the two groups, whereas mean urinary calcium was significantly lower (101±14 vs. 166±13 mg/d, P < 0.01) and mean urinary cyclic AMP was significantly higher (3.11±0.47 vs. 1.84±0.25 nM/dl glomerular filtrate, P < 0.01) in the blacks. Further, the blacks excreted an intravenous calcium load, 15 mg/kg body weight, as efficiently as the whites (49±3 vs. 53±3%, NS). Mean serum Gla protein was lower in blacks than in whites (14±2 vs. 24±3 ng/ml, P < 0.02), and increased significantly in both groups in response to 1,25(OH)2D3, 4

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“…This decrease in bone mass is associated with an age-related increase in parathyroid function (3)(4)(5). In women, Received for publication 12 December 1983 and in revised form 23 January 1984. increases in serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (iPTH)' and in bone turnover (assessed by measurement of serum bone Gla-protein and other biochemical markers [6]) are correlated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired vitamin D metabolism with aging in women. Possible role in pathogenesis of senile osteoporosis.

Tsai¹,

Heath²,

Kumar³

et al. 1984

J. Clin. Invest.

337

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Abstract. Calcium absorption decreases with aging, particularly after age 70 yr. We investigated the possibility that this was due to abnormal vitamin D metabolism by studying 10 normal premenopausal women for the enzyme 25(OH)D la-hydroxylase, correlated inversely with age (r = -0.58; P < 0.001) and directly with glomerular filtration rate (r = 0.64; P < 0.001). The response was more blunted (P = 0.01) in elderly patients with hip fracture (13±3 pg/ml) than in elderly controls (25±3 pg/ml). We conclude that an impaired ability of the aging kidney to synthesize 1,25(OH)2D could contribute to the pathogenesis of senile osteoporosis.

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Increases in Immunoreactive Parathyroid Hormone with Age

Cited by 169 publications

References 15 publications

Is estrogen receptor alpha key to controlling bones' resistance to fracture?

Is estrogen receptor alpha key to controlling bones' resistance to fracture?

Evidence for alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in blacks.

Impaired vitamin D metabolism with aging in women. Possible role in pathogenesis of senile osteoporosis.

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