Increased Water Storage Capacity in Cactus Wood: A Study in the Tribe Cereeae (Cactoideae, Cactaceae)

Soffiatti, Patricia; Angyalossy, Verônica

doi:10.2985/026.015.0103

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In the present work, it was observed a typical situation in E. rhodotricha: which first forms non fibrous wood, when the body is young and small and does not need special investment in support, and when mature, the cambium starts forming fibrous wood since support is then needed due to the larger size (Terrazas-Salgado and Mauseth, 2002). The fibrous and non fibrous wood types observed in the present study have the same structure as described in literature, with fibrous wood composed of vessel elements in a matrix of libriform fibres, and non fibrous wood composed of vessel elements in a matrix of wide band tracheids (Gibson, 1973;Gibson and Nobel, 1986;Terrazas-Salgado and Mauseth, 2002;Mauseth, 2006;Soffiatti and Angyalossy, 2009). The only difference between the fibrous wood of the stem and root of E. rhodotricha is the presence of the storied structure in the stem, absent in the root.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

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Stem and root anatomy of two species of Echinopsis (Trichocereeae, Cactaceae)

Garcia¹,

Scremin-Dias²,

Soffiatti³

2012

Rev.Mex.Biodiv.

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This study characterizes and compares the stem and root anatomy of Echinopsis calochlora and E. rhodotricha (Cactaceae) occurring in the Central-Western Region of Brazil, in Mato Grosso do Sul State. Three individuals of each species were collected, fixed, stored and prepared following usual anatomy techniques, for subsequent observation in light and scanning electronic microscopy. Echinopsis calochlora revealed uniseriated epidermis, while E. rhodotricha had patches of bisseriated epidermis; all species showed thick cuticle, parallelocytic stomata at the epidermis level, and a well-developed hypodermis. Cortical and medullary bundles are present in the studied species, as well as mucilage cells in the cortex region. The secondary phloem is composed by sieve tube elements, companion cells, axial and radial parenchyma. Sclereids were found at the outer regions of phloem in the roots. The secondary xylem is non fibrous in the stems of E. calochlora, and fibrous in the stems of E. rhodotricha and in the roots of both species. Many of these characteristics are commonly found in Cactaceae, and represent important adaptations for survival in xeric environments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…The anatomical characteristics observed in the studied species are commonly observed in other Cactaceae species, as extensively described in the literature (Terrazas-Salgado and Mauseth, 2002;Soffiatti and Angyalossy, 2003, 2007, 2009Terrazas and Arias, 2003;Arruda et al, 2005;Mauseth, 2006).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Stem and root anatomy of two species of Echinopsis (Trichocereeae, Cactaceae)

Garcia¹,

Scremin-Dias²,

Soffiatti³

2012

Rev.Mex.Biodiv.

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“…RGR can be disaggregated as the product of the net assimilation rate (NAR) (physiological component) and photosynthetic outward area ratio (POAR) (morphological component) (adapted from Poorter and Van der Werf, 1998). On the other hand, the anatomical tissues of cacti with relatively high water content (Soffiatti and Angyalossy, 2009) make cacti with a Crassulacean Acid Metabolism to be more inefficient than photosynthetic C3 ones (Lerdau et al, 1992). However, the results shown in Table 1 indicate NAR and POAR increased in BAPsprayed plants.…”

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confidence: 95%

Biomass accumulation in an ornamental Cactaceae (Mammillaria elongata subsp. echinaria) in response to a single 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) spray

Lozano-Miglioli¹,

Giardina²,

Benedetto³

2019

J PROF ASSOC CACTUS

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In ornamental plants growing in pots, root restriction would be presumably related to an endogenous long-distance cytokinin signal from roots. In this context, it has been recently indicated that, in potted ornamental plants, a single 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) spray can be used to increase biomass accumulation. Although cytokinin sprays and cytokinin-containing substances have been previously used to improve growth in cacti, the physiological mechanism involved has not been elucidated. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the effect of a single BAP spray on the growth of the vegetative axillary stems of the cactus Mammillaria elongata subsp. echinaria. To achieve this general objective, M. elongata subsp. echinaria plants were sprayed with 0, 5, 50, 100 or 200 mg L-1 BAP solutions (40 plants per treatment) and grown for 210 days under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that a single BAP spray increased both fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic stem area, root length and a number of axillary stems at 90 days after the beginning of the experiment. The higher biomass accumulation was related to a higher rate of stem area expansion (RSAE), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and partitioning of photoassimilates into stems. This results indicate that M. elongata subsp. echinaria biomass accumulation can be increased by a single BAP spray of 5 mg L-1, although the highest response was found with a 200 mg L-1 BAP spray.

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“…Cactaceae are some of the most remarkable organisms in the plant kingdom, with numerous unique features, such as a delayed formation of a periderm, the evolution of medullary bundles, and leaves modified into spines (summarized by Mauseth [2006] and Edwards and Donoghue [2006]). There are three distinct Cactaceae wood types (Mauseth and Plemons, 1995): (1) fibrous wood marked by the presence of vessels, fibers, scanty vasicentric parenchyma and sometimes bands of nonlignified parenchyma (Figure 9A); (2) wide‐banded tracheids (WBT) wood, composed of WBTs and parenchyma (Figure 9B, C); and (3) parenchymatous wood, characterized by vessels and abundant nonlignified parenchyma (Gibson, 1973; Mauseth and Plemons, 1995; Landrum, 2002; Terrazas and Arias, 2003; Mauseth, 2004; Soffiatti and Angyalossy, 2005, 2007, 2009). A complete phylogenetic reconstruction of wood evolution of Cactaceae is yet to be done; therefore, we here discuss major transitions in wood anatomy in the context of the currently available wood anatomy and phylogenetic literature (Hernández‐Hernández et al, 2011; Vázquez‐Sánchez et al, 2013; Guerrero et al, 2019; Martínez‐Quezada et al, 2020).…”

Section: Wood Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of ontogeny in wood diversity and evolution

Chery

Pace

2021

American J of Botany

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Evolutionary developmental biology (evo‐devo) explores the link between developmental patterning and phenotypic change through evolutionary time. In this review, we highlight the scientific advancements in understanding xylem evolution afforded by the evo‐devo approach, opportunities for further engagement, and future research directions for the field. We review evidence that (1) heterochrony—the change in rate and timing of developmental events, (2) homeosis—the ontogenetic replacement of features, (3) heterometry—the change in quantity of a feature, (4) exaptation—the co‐opting and repurposing of an ancestral feature, (5) the interplay between developmental and capacity constraints, and (6) novelty—the emergence of a novel feature, have all contributed to generating the diversity of woods. We present opportunities for future research engagement, which combine wood ontogeny within the context of robust phylogenetic hypotheses, and molecular biology.

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Increased Water Storage Capacity in Cactus Wood: A Study in the Tribe Cereeae (Cactoideae, Cactaceae)

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Stem and root anatomy of two species of Echinopsis (Trichocereeae, Cactaceae)

Stem and root anatomy of two species of Echinopsis (Trichocereeae, Cactaceae)

Biomass accumulation in an ornamental Cactaceae (Mammillaria elongata subsp. echinaria) in response to a single 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) spray

The role of ontogeny in wood diversity and evolution

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