Increased subventricular zone-derived cortical neurogenesis after ischemic lesion

Cortical Neurogensis in Adult Brains After Focal Cerebral Ischemia

“…Therefore, neurogenesis occurs also in the penumbral cortex and striatum in adult rats after MCA occlusion . In agreement with this study, cortical neurogenesis has been reported by several studies in MCA stroke in adult rats and mice (Chen et al 2004;Jiang et al 2001;Jin et al 2003;Kreuzberg et al 2010;Leker et al 2007;Ohab et al 2006;Tsai et al 2006). The reliability of using BrdU nuclear incorporation as the final judgement of adult neurogenesis, in contrast to DNA repair, is questioned especially in the poststroke brain tissue (Kuhn and Cooper-Kuhn 2007;Nowakowski and Hayes 2000).…”

“…These date suggest that endogenous cells with neuronal immunolabeling may duplicate their nuclear DNA and commit cell mitosis to generate daughter neurons in the penumbral cortex, which contribute to the very early cortical neurogenesis in this stroke model in adult rats (Gu et al 2009). This is in contrast with the reports of cortical neurogenesis after MCA occlusion where neural progenitor cells migrate from subventricular zone into post stroke cortex at 7-14 days after MCA occlusion that contributes to a late stage post stroke neurogenesis (Kreuzberg et al 2010;Tsai et al 2006). Therefore, stroke induced cortical neurogenesis may originate either from remote progenitor cell migration or in situ cell division depending on different stroke models used and various phases studied.…”

“…In adult mice after MCA stroke, neural stem cells are traced to proliferate and migrate from subventricular zone into the post stroke penumbral cortex. It takes 7-14 days for the stem cells to arrive at the peri-infarct cortex where they differentiate into cortical neurons expressing the neuron-specific marker NeuN (Kreuzberg et al 2010;Ohab et al 2006). In contrast, newborn neurons are already identified in the reperfused penumbral cortex at 72 hour after photothrombotic ring stroke in rats .…”

NSI‐189, a small molecule with neurogenic properties, exerts behavioral, and neurostructural benefits in stroke rats

“…In particular, active remodeling of the stroke brain is shown in the present study to preferentially occur in the hippocampal areas and peri‐infarct cortex undergoing secondary cell death as opposed to the striatal areas proximal to the primary stroke insulted region. Indeed, stroke appears to awaken quiescent stem cells in the brain, in both neurogeneic and non‐neurogenic niches (Lindvall & Kokaia, 2015; Péron & Berninger, 2015), and stimulation of these cells with neurogenic molecules, such as NSI‐189, may facilitate host brain neurogenesis (Kreuzberg et al, 2010; Li, Yu, Mohamad, Genetta, & Wei, 2010; Osman, Porritt, Nilsson, & Kuhn, 2011). Our observation that enhanced neurogenic activity was more prominent in the SGZ, remote from the principally stroke infarcted area, suggests that obliterating the secondary cell death as opposed to the principal stroke insult, may be more amenable to treatments targeting host repair mechanisms.…”

The age and genomic integrity of neurons after cortical stroke in humans

“…However, cortical ischemic stroke in animal models and humans has been suggested to induce both neurogenesis [3][4][5] and neuronal DNA rearrangements 6 , which could contribute to post-stroke recovery.…”