Increased seasonal rainfall in the twenty-first century over Ghana and its potential implications for agriculture productivity

Bessah, Enoch; Boakye, Emmanuel Amoah; Agodzo, Sampson K.; Nyadzi, Emmanuel; Larbi, Isaac; Awotwi, Alfred

doi:10.1007/s10668-020-01171-5

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Besides, Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (>0.95~1.0) is elucidated the good efficiency or better fitting of data. This performance analysis has shown better agreement than the previous study (Bessah et al 2021). The CanSME2 GCM data was used for future climate generation under three emission scenarios, i.e., RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5.…”

Section: Future Climate Trendssupporting

confidence: 54%

Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Recharge in Cotton Irrigated Fields under Agronomical Practices

Saeed¹,

Maqbool²,

Ashraf³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Cotton crop is one of the major water consumers in the Indus basin region. Accurate groundwater recharge estimation is a provoking duty due to hydrologic and environmental applications under climate change in the agricultural sector. An utmost region that is vulnerable to climate change and cotton production is declining, consequently. Here, historical trends (1975–2005) and future variability (2021-50 and 2051-80) of climate parameters were analyzed and predicted by SDSM for three emission scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5) for the semi-arid region Faisalabad, Pakistan. Results revealed a rise in maximum (minimum) temperature and a decline in rainfall, relative humidity, and wind speed for both 2021-50 and 2051-80 using different NCEP parameters (p < 0.05). The groundwater recharge was simulated using the Hydrus-1D unsaturated flow model. Hydrus-1D unsaturated flow model simulated the groundwater recharge under six treatments. A 41 cm reduction of groundwater recharge was observed under all scenarios. The highest recharge was observed 71 cm under RCP 2.6, and the lowest recharge was 30 cm under RCP 8.5, a maximum of 23% groundwater recharge controlled by climate variables with the weak relationship among them. Cotton sowing method T6(bed planting without mulch) showed the highest yield (1,066 kg.ha− 1). It further indicates that rather than climate change, the agronomical practice may have a more significant impact on groundwater recharge and cotton yield. Findings highlight the significance of both climate change and the cotton sowing method while accessing future water resources in irrigated Indus basin agriculture.

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Section: Future Climate Trendssupporting

confidence: 54%

Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Recharge in Cotton Irrigated Fields under Agronomical Practices

Saeed¹,

Maqbool²,

Ashraf³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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show abstract

“…In addition, NSE (> 0.95 ~ 1.0) is elucidated the good efficiency or better fitting of data. Evaluation performance has shown better agreement than the previous study (Bessah et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 45%

Competency of groundwater recharge of irrigated cotton field subjacent to sowing methods, plastic mulch, water productivity, and yield under climate change

Saeed

Maqbool

Ashraf

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Irrigated agriculture is a foremost consumer of water resources to fulfill the demand for food and fiber with an increasing population under climate changes; cotton is no exception. Depleting groundwater recharge and water productivity is critical for the sustainable cotton crop yield peculiarly in the semiarid region. This study investigated the water productivity and cotton yield under six different treatments: three sowing methods, i.e., flat, ridge, and bed planting with and without plastic mulch. Cotton bed planting without mulch showed maximum water productivity (0.24 kg.m−3) and the highest cotton yield (1946 kg.ha−1). Plastic mulching may reduce water productivity and cotton yield. HYDRUS-1D unsaturated flow model was used to access the groundwater recharge for 150 days under six treatments after model performance evaluation. Maximum cumulative recharge was observed 71 cm for the flat sowing method without plastic mulch. CanESM2 was used to predict climate scenarios for RCP 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5 for the 2050s and 2080s by statistical downscale modeling (SDSM) using historical data from 1975 to 2005 to access future groundwater recharge flux. Average cumulative recharge flux declined 36.53% in 2050 and 22.91% in 2080 compared to 2017 without plastic mulch. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that a maximum 23.78% reduction in groundwater recharge could influence future climate change. Further study may require to understand the remaining influencing factor of depleting groundwater recharge. Findings highlight the significance of climate change and the cotton sowing method while accessing future groundwater resources in irrigated agriculture.

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“…Total rainfall in the country decreases spatially from 1,800 mm/y on the south-west coast through 1,250 mm/y in the mid belt to about 1,000 mm/y in the north, averaging at about 1,200 mm for the period 1981-2010 (Bessah et al, 2021a). The least total rainfall is recorded in the south-east at about 750-850 mm/y (Bessah et al, 2021a).…”

Section: Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Rainfall is bimodal in the south and mono-modal in the north and the northern parts have higher water deficits due to the high excesses of evapotranspiration over rainfall (Bessah et al, 2021a). The average annual rainfall about 1,200 mm should be sufficient to grow most of the staples in Ghana (Incoom et al, 2022).…”

Section: Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the water resources of Ghana in a changing climate and anthropogenic stresses

Agodzo

Bessah²,

Nyatuame³

2023

Front. Water

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An extensive narrative review approach is adopted to present existing information on the consumptive and non-consumptive uses and their related issues, such as floods and droughts, climate and the environment in Ghana. Total annual rainfall in the country ranges between 800 mm/y (south-east coat) and 2,000 mm/y (south-west coast) with a bimodal and mono-modal patterns in the south and north, respectively. Annual total runoff from the 3 river systems (the Volta river system, the South-western river system and the Coastal river system) in Ghana is estimated at 40 billion m3 out of about 53 billion renewable freshwater resources. Groundwater yields ranges from 6 m3/h in the Volta basin sedimentary formations to 180 m3/h in the limestone formations. It is estimated that the total water withdrawal as a percentage of total renewable water resources is about 2%. At an average per capita consumption of water of 50 l/p/d, estimated daily water demand for the 2021 population of 31 million people stands at about 566 million m3/y. Current water supply systems are overstretched and it is further estimated that about US $ 240 million is required per year as capital expenditure in urban and rural water supply. Moreover, climate change is projected to increase the scarcity of water in future. Wastewater generated through domestic and industrial uses including storm water in urban Ghana is estimated at about 760 million m3/y. Ghana's irrigation potential to reduce climate change impact on agriculture is put at between 0.36 and 2.9 million ha, accounting for about 66.4% of the consumptive water withdrawal. Estimated water demand for cattle, sheep and goats in 2010 was put at about 22 million m3/y. Other services obtained from surface water are the provision of fish (the Volta Lake is estimated to contributes to 16% of total catch in Ghana); hydropower generation accounting for about 40% of total power installed capacity (Akosombo = 1,020 MW, Kpong = 160 MW, and Bui = 404 MW); water transportation (notably on the Volta Lake); tourist attractions [are 550 km Ghana's shoreline that has about 90 lagoons, the Volta Lake, the lower Volta (e.g., Sogakope, Ada) and some other inland waters like Lake Bosumtwi] and wetlands (recognized by RAMSAR convention of 1971) In the legal context, water governance issues are handled by various institutions created by Acts of Parliament.

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Increased seasonal rainfall in the twenty-first century over Ghana and its potential implications for agriculture productivity

Cited by 23 publications

References 67 publications

Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Recharge in Cotton Irrigated Fields under Agronomical Practices

Impact of Climate Change on Groundwater Recharge in Cotton Irrigated Fields under Agronomical Practices

Competency of groundwater recharge of irrigated cotton field subjacent to sowing methods, plastic mulch, water productivity, and yield under climate change

A review of the water resources of Ghana in a changing climate and anthropogenic stresses

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