Increased risk of alcohol dependency in a cohort of National Guard troops with PTSD: A longitudinal study

Kline, Anna; Weiner, Marc D.; Ciccone, Donald S.; Interian, Alejandro; Hill, Lauren St.; Losonczy, Miklos F.

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.11.007

Cited by 66 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…One explanation is that problematic substance use increases the risk of being exposed to trauma and psychological vulnerability to the effects of trauma (Meyer, 1986;Schäfer & Najavits, 2007). A second explanation is that individuals with PTSD may seek symptom relief through drug or alcohol use, potentially leading to the development of SUD (Khantzian, 1985;Kline et al, 2014;Schäfer & Najavits, 2007). This has become known as the "self-medication hypothesis" (Khantzian, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has become known as the "self-medication hypothesis" (Khantzian, 1985). A third explanation is that PTSD and SUD may stem from shared but independent aetiologies (Berenz & Coffey, 2012;Kline et al, 2014;Krueger & Markon, 2006). Proposed common liabilities include, shared genetic risk (e.g., Wolf et al, 2010), common personality traits, such as impulsivity (Schaumberg et al, 2015;Weiss, Tull, Viana, Anestis, & Gratz, 2012;Weiss, Tull, Anestis, & Gratz, 2013), and common environmental factors, such as trauma exposure (Kline et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Roberts

Jones

et al. 2015

Clinical Psychology Review

355

315

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Roberts

Jones

et al. 2015

Clinical Psychology Review

355

315

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“…Indeed, PTSD and problem drinking commonly co-occur, and those with this co-occurrence have more severe symptom presentations in both PTSD and alcohol domains (Blanco, Xu, Brady, Pérez-Fuentes, Okuda, & Wang, 2013; Stappenbeck, Bedard-Gilligan, Lee, & Kaysen, 2013). PTSD also has been found to be a risk factor for the later development not only of diagnosable alcohol use disorders (Kline, Weiner, Ciccone, Interian, Hill, & Losonczy, 2014; Nickerson et al, 2014) but for problematic alcohol use more broadly (Read, Colder, Merrill, Ouimette, White, & Swartout, 2012). Yet at present, little is known about the mechanisms that may explain this association (Stewart, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic role of emotion regulation in the PTSD and alcohol association.

Radomski¹,

Read²

2016

Traumatology

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Objective Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) has been linked to problematic alcohol use. Those with PTSD have greater difficulty regulating emotions, which may help to explain the PTSD-drinking co-occurrence. However, emotion regulation as a mediator of PTSD-alcohol associations has been limited. In the present study, we examined this association. Method College students (N = 466, Mage = 19.5, 53% female) were assessed for PTSD by structured clinical interview, and were categorized into three groups: those who had not experienced a significant trauma (No Trauma, n = 182), those who had experienced a significant trauma but did not have current PTSD symptoms (Trauma Only, n = 171), and those with significant trauma and with current PTSD (partial or full; PTSD, n = 113). Alcohol use over the past six months and emotion regulation were assessed via self-report (DDQ; Collins, Parks, & Marlatt, 1985; DERS; Gratz & Roemer, 2004). Results Findings revealed that those with trauma and clinically significant PTSD reported greater difficulty with emotion regulation than those who had not been exposed to trauma, which in turn significantly predicted alcohol use. This mediating effect was not found in those with trauma exposure alone, suggesting an important role for PTSD in this pathway. Findings also indicated that the ability to control emotion-based impulses is a particularly relevant mediating facet of emotion regulation. Conclusion These results implicate emotion regulation as a potential explanatory link between PTSD and alcohol use, lending further support to the inclusion of emotion regulation training in PTSD treatment.

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“…Posttraumatic stress disorder is an established risk factor for alcohol use disorder (AUD) (Haller and Chassin, 2014; Kline et al, 2014; Walsh et al, 2014), and is highly comorbid with AUD (Blanco et al, 2013). The association between PTSD and alcohol dependence (AD) is stronger for women than for men (Berenz et al, 2016).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE): A Pilot Study in Alcohol-dependent Women

Persson

Back

Killeen

et al. 2017

Journal of Addiction Medicine

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Objectives: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders are highly comorbid. Effective treatments are largely lacking. This pilot study evaluated the safety and feasibility of a novel intervention, Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE), in preparation for a randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-two treatment-seeking women with current DSM-IV-TR PTSD and alcohol dependence (AD) were recruited. Participants received COPE. Safety and feasibility were evaluated, as were efficacy-related outcomes: PTSD and depression symptom severity, alcohol use, craving, and dependence severity. Results: No adverse events occurred. COPE was implemented in routine clinical practice. Among the assessed women, 95.8% were eligible to participate. Treatment attendance and completion were higher than in previous studies. Post treatment, all efficacy-related outcomes, including PTSD and depression symptom severity, alcohol use, craving, and dependence severity, were significantly reduced. Conclusions: COPE was safe and feasible to use. Concerns that trauma-focused, exposure-based therapy might promote relapse in this population appear unwarranted. Our findings provide initial evidence suggestive of COPE efficacy for comorbid PTSD and AD in women. These results provide a strong rationale for investigating the efficacy of COPE for comorbid PTSD and AD in women in a randomized controlled trial.

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Increased risk of alcohol dependency in a cohort of National Guard troops with PTSD: A longitudinal study

Cited by 66 publications

References 39 publications

Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Psychological interventions for post-traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mechanistic role of emotion regulation in the PTSD and alcohol association.

Concurrent Treatment of PTSD and Substance Use Disorders Using Prolonged Exposure (COPE): A Pilot Study in Alcohol-dependent Women

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