Increased risk for<i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>and<i>C. coli</i>infection of pet origin in dog owners and evidence for genetic association between strains causing infection in humans and their pets

Gras, Lapo Mughini; Smid, Joost; Wagenaar, Jaap A.; Koene, Miriam; Havelaar, Arie H.; Friesema, Ingrid; French, Nigel P.; Flemming, Cecily A.; Galson, Jacob D.; Graziani, Caterina; Busani, Luca; Pelt, Wilfrid van

doi:10.1017/s0950268813000356

Cited by 105 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…Source attribution of the human isolates from France and the United Kingdom was performed using allelic profiles of host-segregating loci. The source of pet contamination was also investigated because of the potential role as vectors in Campylobacter transmission to humans (19,76,77). Assignment analyses were carried out separately for 42 French and 281 British clinical isolates (32) and 55 isolates from French pets.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of Host-Segregating Epidemiological Markers for Source Attribution in Campylobacter jejuni

Thépault

Méric

Rivoal

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

110

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Campylobacter is among the most common worldwide causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. This organism is part of the commensal microbiota of numerous host species, including livestock, and these animals constitute potential sources of human infection. Molecular typing approaches, especially multilocus sequence typing (MLST), have been used to attribute the source of human campylobacteriosis by quantifying the relative abundance of alleles at seven MLST loci among isolates from animal reservoirs and human infection, implicating chicken as a major infection source. The increasing availability of bacterial genomes provides data on allelic variation at loci across the genome, providing the potential to improve the discriminatory power of data for source attribution. Here we present a source attribution approach based on the identification of novel epidemiological markers among a reference pan-genome list of 1,810 genes identified by gene-by-gene comparison of 884 genomes of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from animal reservoirs, the environment, and clinical cases. Fifteen loci involved in metabolic activities, protein modification, signal transduction, and stress response or coding for hypothetical proteins were selected as host-segregating markers and used to attribute the source of 42 French and 281 United Kingdom clinical C. jejuni isolates. Consistent with previous studies of British campylobacteriosis, analyses performed using STRUCTURE software attributed 56.8% of British clinical cases to chicken, emphasizing the importance of this host reservoir as an infection source in the United Kingdom. However, among French clinical isolates, approximately equal proportions of isolates were attributed to chicken and ruminant reservoirs, suggesting possible differences in the relative importance of animal host reservoirs and indicating a benefit for further nationalscale attribution modeling to account for differences in production, behavior, and food consumption.IMPORTANCE Accurately quantifying the relative contribution of different host reservoirs to human Campylobacter infection is an ongoing challenge. This study, based on the development of a novel source attribution approach, provides the first results of source attribution in Campylobacter jejuni in France. A systematic analysis using gene-by-gene comparison of 884 genomes of C. jejuni isolates, with a pan-genome list of genes, identified 15 novel epidemiological markers for source attribution. The different proportions of French and United Kingdom clinical isolates attributed to

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Identification of Host-Segregating Epidemiological Markers for Source Attribution in Campylobacter jejuni

Thépault

Méric

Rivoal

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

110

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“…Yet, pet contact has been identified as a risk factor for many diseases, with case-control studies and molecular typing data strongly supporting pet sources for bacterial (e.g., Campylobacter, Salmonella), fungal (e.g., dermatophytes), parasitic (e.g., Toxoplasma gondii) and viral pathogens (e.g., lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus). 6,[9][10][11][12] Although pets do not typically directly transmit arthropod-borne diseases to people (e.g., Lyme borreliosis, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis), they do bring the zoonotic disease vectors -ticks and fleas -in close proximity to people, potentially increasing disease risk.…”

Section: How Are Pet-associated Infections Transmitted?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing the risk of pet-associated zoonotic infections

Stull

Brophy

Weese³

2015

CMAJ

106

107

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“…In particular, dog owners seem to have a significantly higher risk of infection with C. jejuni and coli from their pets (Mughini‐Gras et al . 2013). Isolation of C. spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of most common human pathogenicCampylobacterspp. in dogs and cats in Styria, Austria

Pölzler

Stüger

Lassnig

2018

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of occurrence of most common human pathogenic Campylobacter species, Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) and Campylobacter coli (C. coli), in dogs and cats in Styria, Austria. In the period from April 2010 to April 2012, 842 faecal samples from dogs and cats from Styria, Austria were examined for Campylobacter (C.) species (spp.). All samples were subjected to qualitative microbiological culture testing, and additionally, some of them have been studied using qualitative real‐time PCR. In microbiological culture, 5.9% of all samples investigated were C. spp. positive. With 3.1% out of positive samples, C. jejuni was the most common type. Campylobacter upsaliensis (C. upsaliensis) was detected only in 0.5% of the samples. The remaining positive samples (2.4%) were classified as C. species (sp.). C. coli could not be found in any of the samples. A higher prevalence of C. jejuni was found in kittens with 14.3% and in diarrhoeic dogs (7.4%) and cats (23.8%). The real‐time PCR revealed for dogs and cats together, 27% of C. jejuni‐positive faecal and 8% positive faecal swap samples. The obtained C. jejuni strains underwent antibiotic resistance testing using three different tests (agar diffusion, MIC testing and E‐test) with different numbers of antibiotics. From the antibiotics used in this study, several showed high test‐dependent resistance rates (cephalexin, cefovecin, kanamycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, penicillin G, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, nalidixic acid). Overall, the prevalence of C. spp. in this study was very low compared to others, with the exception of C. jejuni in kittens and diarrhoeic animals. The results of the real‐time PCR suggest that the rate of colonization of C. jejuni was actually higher than the results of the culture showed. As the resistance rates of C. jejuni isolates partly were very high, possible transmission of (multi‐) resistant C. jejuni strains to humans especially from kittens and diarrhoeic animals must be expected.

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Increased risk forCampylobacter jejuniandC. coliinfection of pet origin in dog owners and evidence for genetic association between strains causing infection in humans and their pets

Cited by 105 publications

References 36 publications

Genome-Wide Identification of Host-Segregating Epidemiological Markers for Source Attribution in Campylobacter jejuni

Genome-Wide Identification of Host-Segregating Epidemiological Markers for Source Attribution in Campylobacter jejuni

Reducing the risk of pet-associated zoonotic infections

Prevalence of most common human pathogenicCampylobacterspp. in dogs and cats in Styria, Austria

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