Increased response of serum prolactin to metoclopramide in senile dementia of Alzheimer type

House, Allan

doi:10.1002/gps.930040506

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The results showed no difference in PRL levels between patients with dementia and controls after 24 hours of treatment. However, 30 min after metoclopramide injection, PRL levels increased significantly, suggesting that PRL regulation in dementia caused by AD is controlled through the tuberoinfundibular pathway [62].…”

Section: Evidence Of the Role Of Prolactin In Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 96%

Neuroprotection Mediated by Prolactin during Excitotoxicity: New Functions and Insights

Molina-Salinas,

Rodríguez-Chávez,

Cerbón

2024

Drug Development and Safety

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Prolactin (PRL) is a peptide and pleiotropic hormone with more than 300 associated functions such as maternal behavior, lactation, osmoregulation, angiogenesis, and the immune system. It is associated with several functions in the brain, including lactation, cognition and memory, maternal behavior, and neurogenesis. PRL reportedly plays an important role in neuroprotection against excitotoxicity caused by glutamate (Glu) and kainic acid (KA) damage in vitro and in vivo models. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective effects of PRL are unclear. Despite this, data suggest the involvement of PI3K/AKT, and GSK3β/NF-κB signaling pathways, which are involved in neuroprotection. In addition, PRL inhibits Glu- and KA-induced increase by intracellular Ca2+ concentration, leading to neuronal survival. We also discuss current knowledge on the role of PRL in neurodegenerative diseases. New avenues of research into the protective mechanisms of PRL and its potential therapeutic effects on the brain under pathological and physiological conditions are needed.

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Section: Evidence Of the Role Of Prolactin In Alzheimer's Diseasementioning

confidence: 96%

Neuroprotection Mediated by Prolactin during Excitotoxicity: New Functions and Insights

Molina-Salinas,

Rodríguez-Chávez,

Cerbón

2024

Drug Development and Safety

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“…A case-control study examined the impact of a dopamine-blocking agent (metoclopramide) on serum PRL levels in patients with Alzheimer’s senile dementia (SDA) and in nondemented elderly controls. Response to metoclopramide was greater in patients with SDA than in controls, and the authors pointed out that dementia is related to dysfunction in the tuberoinfundibular pathway, which regulates PRL release [136]. In another study conducted on patients with multi-infarct dementia or SDA, serum PRL levels were similar in the 2 groups, and PRL levels and degrees of dementia were not correlated, which indicated serum PRL does not respond to TRH stimulation and is of little diagnostic value in terms of differentiating these 2 conditions [137].…”

Section: Effects Of Prl In Ad and Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolactin and Its Altered Action in Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease

Nguyen

Hoang

et al. 2021

Neuroendocrinology

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Background: Prolactin (PRL) is one of the most diverse pituitary hormones and is known to modulate normal neuronal function and neurodegenerative conditions. Many studies have described the influence that PRL has on the central nervous system and addressed its contribution to neurodegeneration, but little is known about the mechanisms responsible for the effects of PRL on neurodegenerative disorders, especially on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). Summary: We review and summarize the existing literature and current understanding of the roles of PRL on various PRL aspects of AD and PD. Key Messages: In general, PRL is viewed as a promising molecule for the treatment of AD and PD. Modulation of PRL functions and targeting of immune mechanisms are needed to devise preventive or therapeutic strategies.

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“…However, a recent report by House and Jones (1989) compared the response of PRL levels in demented and non-demented populations to a metoclopramide challenge. The PRL response was greater in the demented population than controls, perhaps suggesting a dysfunction of the tuberoinfundibular system controlling PRL release.…”

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confidence: 95%

Prolactin response to withdrawal of thioridazine in dementia

Mclennan

Findlay²,

Sharma

et al. 1992

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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SUMMARYThirty-six female inpatients with a clinical diagnosis of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type were entered into a double-blind withdrawal of their established thioridazine therapy over a four-week period. Prolactin (PRL) levels were assayed at weeks 0, 2 and 4 in both groups. A significant reduction in PRL level over this period was seen in the placebo-substituted group as compared with the active-continued group. Over the same interval there was no significant change or difference between the two groups in terms of cognitive function, behaviour or physical condition. There was no correlation between PRL levels and degree of dementia or dose of thioridazine at the start of the study. This study suggests that the response to thioridazine withdrawal in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type is a reversal of pharmacological hyperprolactinaemia. The timescale and extent of this can be likencd to that seen in schizophrenics and in normal volunteers. No definite evidence emerged that PRL levels might be useful as markers of disease severity or response to neuroleptic therapy.KEY woms-Thioridazine, prolactin, dementia.In a previous publication (Findlay et al., 1989) we have reported a study into the behaviour of thioridazine treatment in a population of elderly female inpatients with a diagnosis of senile dementia. Over the period of the study, there were no withdrawal phenomena, and although there was a trend which showed a decline in side-effects for the group in which thioridazine was discontinued, the difference from the group in which treatment was continued was not statistically significant. This suggested the controlled withdrawal of thioridazine was safe, and should be considered in situations where the value of continued medication was in doubt.Thioridazine, along with other phenothiazines, blocks postsynaptic dopamine (DA) receptors in the tuberoinfundibular system of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary, thus preventing DA mediated inhibition of PRL release (Meltzer and Fang, 1976;Sachar et al., 1975;Beaumont et al., 1974). Neuroleptics are widely used in the treatment of the major psychoses, and also to control behavioural problems in patients suffering from dementia (Barnes et al., De la Fuente and Rosenbaum, 1981).There have been many studies carried out examining neuroendocrine function in dementia, and

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Increased response of serum prolactin to metoclopramide in senile dementia of Alzheimer type

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Neuroprotection Mediated by Prolactin during Excitotoxicity: New Functions and Insights

Neuroprotection Mediated by Prolactin during Excitotoxicity: New Functions and Insights

Prolactin and Its Altered Action in Alzheimer’s Disease and Parkinson’s Disease

Prolactin response to withdrawal of thioridazine in dementia

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