Increased Release of Serotonin in the Spinal Cord During Low, But Not High, Frequency Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation in Rats With Joint Inflammation

Sluka, Kathleen A.; Lisi, Tammy L.; Westlund, Karin N.

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2006.04.023

Cited by 97 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(33 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The differential changes in extracellular GABA concentrations in response to low and high frequency TENS has been shown previously for other neurotransmitters and receptors (Sluka et al, 1999;Kalra et al, 2001;Sluka et al, 2005Sluka et al, , 2006. Specifically, in the spinal cord serotonin is increased in response to low frequency TENS, but not high frequency TENS.…”

Section: Neurotransmitter Mechanisms Of Tenssupporting

confidence: 54%

“…The time course of changes in extracellular GABA differs from that observed in prior studies examining the release of neurotransmitters and TENS (Sluka et al, ,2006. For high frequency TENS, decreases in glutamate occur during TENS and return to baseline concentrations after removal of TENS .…”

Section: Gaba and High Frequency Tensmentioning

confidence: 57%

“…Specifically, these prior data show 1) electrical stimulation of supraspinal sites (PAG) decreases dorsal horn neuron activity through activation of GABA receptors (Lin et al, 1994;Peng et al, 1996;Lin et al, 1996a), 2) the analgesia and reduction in dorsal horn neuron activity as a result of stimulation of supraspinal sites (PAG and RVM) utilizes serotonin (Lin et al, 1996b;Cui et al, 1999;Hammond et al, 1985Hammond et al, , 1998Sorkin et al, 1993;Bowker and Abhold, 1990), 3) activation of 5-HT3 receptors in the spinal cord increases the release of GABA in the spinal cord (Kawamata et al, 2002), and 4) low frequency TENS increases release of serotonin and activates 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 receptors in the spinal cord (Sluka et al, 2006;.…”

Section: Gaba and Low Frequency Tensmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Release of GABA and activation of GABAA in the spinal cord mediates the effects of TENS in rats

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a commonly utilized non-pharmacological, non-invasive treatment for pain. GABA is a neurotransmitter in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord that mediates analgesia locally, and also through activation of supraspinal sites. TENS reduces hyperalgesia through activation of receptor-mediated pathways at the level of the spinal cord, and supraspinally. The current study tested the hypothesis that either high or low frequency TENS applied to the inflamed knee joint increases GABA in the spinal cord dorsal horn and activates GABA receptors spinally. We utilized microdialysis to sample the extracellular fluid before, during and after TENS and analyzed GABA in dialysates with high performance liquid chromatography. We analyzed the extracellular GABA concentrations in animals with and without knee joint inflammation induced by intra-articular injection of kaolin and carrageenan. We further tested if spinal blockade of GABA receptors prevents the antihyperalgesia produced by TENS in rats with joint inflammation. We show that high frequency TENS increases extracellular GABA concentrations in the spinal cord in animals with and without joint inflammation. The increases in GABA do not occur in response to low frequency TENS, and there are no increases in glycine in response to low or high frequency TENS. However, the reduction in primary hyperalgesia by both high and low frequency TENS is prevented by spinal blockade of GABA A receptors with bicuculline. Thus, high frequency TENS increases release of GABA in the deep dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and both high and low frequency TENS reduce primary hyperalgesia by activation of GABA A receptors spinally.

show abstract

Section: Neurotransmitter Mechanisms Of Tenssupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Gaba and High Frequency Tensmentioning

confidence: 57%

Section: Gaba and Low Frequency Tensmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Release of GABA and activation of GABAA in the spinal cord mediates the effects of TENS in rats

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(22), usando o mesmo mecanismo que a eletroacupuntura, que por sua vez aumenta os níveis de β-endorfina e encefalina no LCR (23). Um dos opioides mais potentes é a dinorfina, que atua nos receptores opioides μ. Receptores muscarínicos (subtipos M 1 e M 3 ) também são ativados pela TENS acupuntural (24,25); com isto, promovem sensações analgésicas mais prolongadas, podendo se estender até 12 horas após a aplicação (26).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Ação da TENS acupuntural em acupontos na dor induzida pela hipotermia local (0-2º C)

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ResumoIntrodução: A dor é um fenômeno multidimensional que dificulta o desenvolvimento das atividades cotidianas. A aplicação de estimulação elétrica nervosa transcutânea (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation -TENS) está entre uma das modalidades mais usadas para o tratamento da dor. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se a TENS acupuntural (baixa frequência) influencia a dor aguda produzida pela hipotermia local em indivíduos saudáveis, quando os eletrodos estão localizados nos acupontos TA5 e CS6 e na aplicação placebo. Metodos: Trinta e dois voluntários, de ambos os gêneros, foram alocados, aleatoriamente, nos grupos TENS e placebo. O estudo consistiu em três momentos: hipotermia sem eletroanalgesia, hipotermia com eletroanalgesia ou placebo, e hipotermia pós-eletroanalgesia ou

show abstract

“…A complex presynaptic synergistic interaction between opioid receptors and serotonin (5-HT) receptors is responsible for some of the anti-nociceptive effects of electrical stimulation, possibly through a decrease in GABA release in spinal interneurons, although this is not fully understood [172,173]. TENS stimulates release of serotonin from the raphe nuclei into the spinal cord, which then activates 5-HT1, 5-HT2, and 5-HT3 receptors [174,175].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Action Of Tens On Hemodynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Hemodynamic Responses to Electrical Neurostimulation

Youra¹

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Investigating Hemodynamic Responses to Electrical Neurostimulation Sean YouraSince the 1900s, the number of deaths attributable to cardiovascular disease has steadily risen. With the advent of antihypertensive drugs and non-invasive surgical procedures, such as intravascular stenting, these numbers have begun to level off. Despite this trend, the number of patients diagnosed with some form of cardiovascular disease has only increased. By 2030, prevalence of coronary heart disease is expected to increase approximately by 18% in the United States. By 2050, prevalence of peripheral arterial occlusive disease is expected to increase approximately by 98% in the U.S. No single drug or surgical intervention offers a complete solution to these problems. Thus, a multifaceted regimen of lifestyle changes, medication, and device or surgical interventions is usually necessary. A potential adjunct therapy and cost-effective solution for treating cardiovascular disease that has been overlooked is neurostimulation.Recent studies show that using neurostimulation techniques, such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), can help to reduce ischemic pain, lower blood pressure, increase blood flow to the periphery, and decrease systemic vascular resistance. The mechanisms by which these hemodynamic changes occur is still under investigation. The primary aim of this thesis is to elucidate these mechanisms through a thorough synthesis of the existing literature on this subject. Neurostimulation, specifically TENS, is thought to modulate both the metaboreflex and norepinephrine release from sympathetic nerve terminals.To test the hypothesis that TENS increases local blood flow, decreases mean arterial pressure, and decreases cutaneous vascular resistance compared to placebo, in which the electrodes are attached but no electrical stimulation is applied, a protocol was developed to test the effect of neurostimulation on healthy subjects. Implementation of this protocol in a pilot study will determine if neurostimulation causes significant changes in blood flow using the most relevant perfusion measurement instrumentation. Before conducting this study, pre-pilot comparison studies of interferential current therapy (IFC) versus TENS, low frequency (4 Hz) TENS versus high frequency (100 Hz) TENS, and electrode placement on the back versus the forearm were conducted. The only statistically significant difference found was that the application of IFC on the back decreased the reperfusion time, meaning that the time required to reach the average baseline perfusion unit value after occlusion decreased. Further pre-pilot work investigating these different modalities and parameters is necessary to ensure that favorable hemodynamic changes can be detected in the pilot study.

show abstract

Increased Release of Serotonin in the Spinal Cord During Low, But Not High, Frequency Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation in Rats With Joint Inflammation

Cited by 97 publications

References 26 publications

Release of GABA and activation of GABAA in the spinal cord mediates the effects of TENS in rats

Release of GABA and activation of GABAA in the spinal cord mediates the effects of TENS in rats

Ação da TENS acupuntural em acupontos na dor induzida pela hipotermia local (0-2º C)

Investigating Hemodynamic Responses to Electrical Neurostimulation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About