Increased Release of Dopamine in the Striata of Young Adults With Hearing Impairment and Its Relevance for the Social Defeat Hypothesis of Schizophrenia

Gevonden, Martin; Booij, Jan; Brink, Wim van den; Heijtel, Dennis; Os, Jim van; Selten, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.1325

Cited by 56 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Interestingly, neuroreceptor imaging studies reported evidence of dopamine sensitization in non-psychotic subjects with hearing impairment or with a history of childhood trauma, thus supporting the hypothesis 5,6 . However, there are at least two good reasons to criticize the hypothesis.…”

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confidence: 74%

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The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia: issues of measurement and reverse causality

Selten

Cantor‐Graae

2016

World Psychiatry

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confidence: 74%

“…It does not require much time from experts for implementation: instead, it uses a guided self-help format and is delivered through a pre-recorded audio course, complemented with bibliotherapy. The potential of using a course to access hard-to-reach populations has been demonstrated previously 5 . Evidence for bibliotherapy is also promising 6 .…”

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confidence: 99%

The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia: issues of measurement and reverse causality

Selten

Cantor‐Graae

2016

World Psychiatry

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“…17,48,49,50 Our subjects came from 2 large cities (London, UK and Toronto, Canada) with relatively large immigrant populations. One avenue for future research is the extent by which social support interventions can mitigate the relationship between risk factors such as immigration, neurobiological markers, and poor mental health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 This includes the social defeat hypothesis, which suggests that social defeat stress may lead to psychosis through sensitization of striatal DA neurotransmission. 13,14 Initial studies in healthy volunteers have examined the impact of various forms of social defeat on brain function, [15][16][17][18] including striatal DA release. 17,18 Two recent studies showed that urban living 15 and immigration 16 were associated with altered brain responses to stress, providing the first link between social factors and brain function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 Initial studies in healthy volunteers have examined the impact of various forms of social defeat on brain function, [15][16][17][18] including striatal DA release. 17,18 Two recent studies showed that urban living 15 and immigration 16 were associated with altered brain responses to stress, providing the first link between social factors and brain function. Particularly in immigrants, perceived discrimination of participant's ethnic group predicted activation of the ventral striatum, 16 an area with dense DA innervation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevated striatal dopamine function in immigrants and their children: a risk mechanism for psychosis

Mizrahi¹

2016

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Migration is a major risk factor for schizophrenia but the neurochemical processes involved are unknown. One candidate mechanism is through elevations in striatal dopamine synthesis and release. The objective of this research was to determine whether striatal dopamine function is elevated in immigrants compared to nonimmigrants and the relationship with psychosis. Two complementary case-control studies of in vivo dopamine function (stress-induced dopamine release and dopamine synthesis capacity) in immigrants compared to nonimmigrants were performed in Canada and the United Kingdom. The Canadian dopamine release study included 25 immigrant and 31 nonmigrant Canadians. These groups included 23 clinical high risk (CHR) subjects, 9 antipsychotic naïve patients with schizophrenia, and 24 healthy volunteers. The UK dopamine synthesis study included 32 immigrants and 44 nonimmigrant British. These groups included 50 CHR subjects and 26 healthy volunteers. Both striatal stress-induced dopamine release and dopamine synthesis capacity were significantly elevated in immigrants compared to nonimmigrants, independent of clinical status. These data provide the first evidence that the effect of migration on the risk of developing psychosis may be mediated by an elevation in brain dopamine function.

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Risks for Nonaffective Psychotic Disorder and Bipolar Disorder in Young People With Autism Spectrum Disorder

et al. 2015

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IMPORTANCE Whether individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk for nonaffective psychotic disorder (NAPD) or bipolar disorder (BD) is unknown. OBJECTIVE To test whether the risks for NAPD and BD in individuals with ASD are increased and whether these risks are higher than those of their siblings not diagnosed as having ASD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We performed a nested case-control study of all individuals 17 years or younger who ever resided in Stockholm County, Sweden, from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2011 (Stockholm Youth Cohort). We included cohort members ever diagnosed as having ASD (n = 9062) and their full siblings never diagnosed as having ASD. Each case was matched with 10 control individuals of the same sex born during the same month and year. Using Swedish registers, cases, siblings, and controls were followed up until December 31, 2011. By then, the oldest individuals had reached the age of 27 years. EXPOSURES Autism spectrum disorder, registered before age 16 or 28 years. We distinguished between ASD with and without intellectual disability (ID). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for NAPD and BD adjusted for age, sex, population density of place of birth, personal or parental history of migration, hearing impairment, parental age, parental income, parental educational level, and parental history of psychiatric disorder. RESULTS The adjusted ORs for NAPD and BD for cases with non-ID ASD registered before age 16 years were 5.6 (95% CI, 3.3-8.5) and 5.8 (95% CI, 3.9-8.7), respectively; the adjusted ORs for cases with ID ASD were 3.5 (95% CI, 2.0-6.0) and 1.8 (95% CI, 0.8-4.1). The adjusted ORs for NAPD and BD in cases with non-ID ASD registered before age 28 years were 12.3 (95% CI, 9.5-15.9) and 8.5 (95% CI, 6.5-11.2), respectively; for cases with ID ASD, these ORs were 6.4 (95% CI, 4.2-9.8) and 2.0 (95% CI, 1.0-3.9), respectively. The ORs for NAPD and BD for the nonautistic full siblings of cases for whom ASD was registered before age 16 years, adjusted for hearing loss, were 1.8 (95% CI, 1.1-2.7) and 1.7 (95% CI, 1.1-2.6), respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE A diagnosis of ASD is associated with a substantially increased risk for NAPD and BD. This finding contributes to our understanding of these disorders and has implications for the management of ASD.

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Increased Release of Dopamine in the Striata of Young Adults With Hearing Impairment and Its Relevance for the Social Defeat Hypothesis of Schizophrenia

Cited by 56 publications

References 34 publications

The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia: issues of measurement and reverse causality

The social defeat hypothesis of schizophrenia: issues of measurement and reverse causality

Elevated striatal dopamine function in immigrants and their children: a risk mechanism for psychosis

Risks for Nonaffective Psychotic Disorder and Bipolar Disorder in Young People With Autism Spectrum Disorder

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