Increased regeneration capacity in spinach lines obtained by in vitro self-fertilisation

Milojević, Jelena; Tubić, Ljiljana; Zdravković-Korać, Snežana; Dragićević, Ivana Č.; Ćalić﻿﻿﻿, Dušica; Vinterhalter, Branka

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2011.08.024

Cited by 9 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Sl population was superior to others, as the explants taken from Sl seedlings responded not only with the highest regeneration frequencies and the mean SE numbers, but also regenerated SEs earlier than the explants of other populations. In the previous studies, an earlier explant response was observed in lines predisposed for efficient somatic embryogenesis 17 , and also under optimal light conditions (LD photoperiod and light intensity of 100 µmol m −2 s −1 ) in comparison to unfavourable light conditions (short day, SD, photoperiod and lower or higher light intensity) 21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Seedlings derived from seeds of each seed company were considered a population. The seeds were sterilized and germinated as was described previously 17 . Briefly, the seeds were washed up with running tap water and a commercial detergent (Fairy, Procter and Gamble Co.), surface sterilized in a 30% bleach solution (4% NaClO) for 30 min, followed by 15% bleach solution for 15 min and then rinsed three times with sterile distilled water, blotted dry on a sterile filter-paper and planted in 90-mm Petri-dishes containing plant growth regulator (PGR)free BM for germination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regeneration by somatic embryogenesis was achieved in spinach at the end of the twentieth century 9 – 13 . However, it is still recalcitrant to in vitro regeneration; hence high variability in regeneration capacity of numerous spinach cultivars has been reported 10 , 14 , 15 , most likely as a result of individual variability of this trait within the seed populations tested 16 , 17 . Accordingly, high variations in the regeneration response of individuals within ecotypes, accessions, and even inbred lines have also been reported in numerous plant species 18 – 20 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in somatic embryo-forming capacity of spinach

Belić

Zdravković-Korać

Uzelac

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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High variability in somatic embryo (SE)-forming capacity has previously been observed in several spinach cultivars. Such variability frequently accounted for more variation in embryogenic response of the explants than the factor being investigated. Hence, the variability in embryogenic capacity was examined in the present study at both the population and the single-seedling level, using seeds of spinach cultivar Matador obtained from nine European seed companies. Seed population obtained from Slovenia (Sl) was superior to others, with the highest regeneration frequency (100%) and the highest mean SE number (14.4). A total of 82% of these seedlings had 80–100% of regenerating explants, while in populations with intermediate embryogenic capacity approximately 40% of seedlings had 20–60% of regenerating explants. The explants from the majority of seedlings (52–100%) in the least responsive populations were irresponsive. Furthermore, the explants from Sl seedlings regenerated from 10–20 (43.5%) up to > 20 (27.6%) SEs on average, while the explants from the majority of seedlings belonging to other populations regenerated 1–10 SEs. The present study strongly indicates that the variability of plant material must not be overlooked, because choosing more responsive individuals for one treatment and less responsive ones for another may lead to misinterpretation of the data.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in somatic embryo-forming capacity of spinach

Belić

Zdravković-Korać

Uzelac

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The somatic embryos were induced from apical sections of seedlings (1 cm) lateral roots of Spinacia oleracea L., which were cultivated on the MS medium supplemented with 20 µM NAA and 5 µM GA 3 . It had no obvious calli formation and all types of somatic embryos were visible within 12 weeks 41 . The research verified that the effect of genotype on regeneration capacity showed a significantly better response in explants exposed to long day (16-h photoperiod) than to short day (8-h photoperiod) 42 .…”

Section: Histological Observation Of Somatic Embryogenesis From Leaf mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis from leaf and root explants of Scaevola sericea

Liang

Xiong

Guo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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An efficient regeneration system via shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis from in vitro leaf and root explants was established for Scaevola sericea for the first time. The highest axillary shoot proliferation coefficient (4.8) was obtained on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.1 mg/L α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) every 45 days. Young in vitro leaves and roots, which were used as explants, were cultured onto medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators. Our results showed that only cytokinins BA and thidiazuron (TDZ), could induce adventitious shoots and somatic embryos from leaf and root explants. The optimal medium to achieve this was MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/L BA and which induced most adventitious shoots (2.7) and somatic embryos (17.3) from leaf explants within 30 days. From root explants, 1.1 adventitious shoots and 7.6 somatic embryos could be induced on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/L TDZ. Histological observation showed that both somatic embryos and adventitious shoots were originated from homogeneous parenchyma and the development of somatic embryos was visible. Maximum rooting percentage (99.0%) was achieved on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/L NAA. Well-rooted plantlets, which were transplanted into a substrate of pure river sand, displayed a high survival percentage of 91.7% after transplanting for 45 days while the best substrate for plantlet growth was river sand: coral sand (1:1). Abbreviation MS Murashige and Skoog medium 2,4-D 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid NAA α-Naphthaleneacetic acid TDZ Thidiazuron BA 6-Benzyladenine KIN Cytokine PGRs Plant growth regulators Scaevola sericea Vahl (syn. Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.), commonly known as beach naupaka, is a semimangrove tree from the Goodeniaceae that consists of 13 genera with 329 accepted species 1 , and almost all the original and existing species are concentrated in Australia 2. Only the genus Scaevola is widespread throughout the world 3. There are a total of 300 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus Scaevola, 40 of which are distributed outside Australia, mostly in tropical island areas 4. S. sericea is a dominant plant at the leading edge of beach communities throughout much of the tropical Pacific 5,6. S. sericea has beautiful flowers with a long flowering period, beautiful branch type and leaves, so it is often bred as an ornamental and landscape plant 7,8 .

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“…The major reason for recalcitrance is its genotype-dependent response toward in vitro regeneration efforts . Hence, it has been found difficult to devise a universal and reproducible in vitro regeneration of spinach, because every genotype needs a different protocol. − It has also been studied that explant, its age, source, and physiological condition are significant determinants of callus-based and/or direct in vitro regeneration . Various explants have long been reported by authors like Molvig and Rose and Knoll et al, who used root segments, hypocotyls, leaf disks, hypocotyl-based thin cell layers, protoplasts, and roots for organogenesis. ,,− Some of the researchers reported roots as the responsive explant, whereas others reported cotyledons for callogenesis and regeneration due to the presence of meristematic regions on the lower ends of cotyledons and upper ends of the hypocotyl.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Plant Regeneration from Petioles of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

Hussain,

Ali,

Mustafa

et al. 2023

ACS Agric. Sci. Technol.

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Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) is an economically important leafy vegetable crop with an annual global production of 32 million tons. However, it is vulnerable to chewing as well as sucking insects. In vitro plant regeneration can significantly contribute to efforts toward crop improvement. This study is aimed at developing a highly efficient protocol for direct in vitro regeneration of S. oleracea from five different explants (cotyledons, leaves, petioles, hypocotyls, and root segments) and five different regeneration media. Results intimated that only petioles exhibited a response for direct regeneration; hence, they were used in further experiments. More than 35% of the petioles regenerated directly into shoots, which were later separated and cultured onto a rooting medium. All other explants showed variable responses; however, none of them could regenerate in vitro. As far as the role of plant growth regulators is concerned, gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) appeared to be the most imperative one for direct in vitro regeneration and bringing about maximum regeneration in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 2 mg L −1 gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), 0.4 mg L −1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), and 1 mg L −1 benzyl amino purine (BAP). The resultant plants were acclimatized in the greenhouse and resulted in healthy, fleshy leaves. For the first time, the protocol describes efficient direct in vitro regeneration from green tissues of S. oleracea. As this is an efficient in vitro regeneration system, it may be a step forward to engineer/edit the genome of this green vegetable for valuable traits including agronomic traits improvement, biofortification, and biopharmaceutical production in the future.

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Increased regeneration capacity in spinach lines obtained by in vitro self-fertilisation

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Variability in somatic embryo-forming capacity of spinach

Variability in somatic embryo-forming capacity of spinach

Shoot organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis from leaf and root explants of Scaevola sericea

In Vitro Plant Regeneration from Petioles of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

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