Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in ovary and effect of γ-linolenic acid on adipose tissue inflammation in a polycystic ovary syndrome model

Prabhu, Yogamaya D; Borthakur, Atreyee; A.G, Subeka; Vellingiri, Balachandar; Gopalakrishnan, Abilash Valsala

doi:10.1016/j.jri.2021.103345

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The increase in ROS production in PCOS patients is positively correlated with the activity of the immune system and pro-inflammatory cytokines that cause inflammation (Victor et al, 2016). The researcher suggested that inflammation in PCOS patients is stimulated by hyperandrogenism, which might be linked to insulin resistance, adipose tissue content enhancement, and visceral fat related to metabolic disorder (Prabhu et al, 2021). Studies reported that TNFα is elevated in PCOS patients, and it becomes a useful biomarker for PCOS diagnosis and is directly linked to insulin resistance and high androgen level (Gao et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. bioactive compounds in polycystic ovary syndrome: An in silico study

Aditya¹,

Santoso²

2022

J Pharm Pharmacogn Res

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Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is significantly associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. Syzygium polyanthum is a plant rich in pharmacological properties. Aims: To evaluate the anti-inflammation and antioxidant potential of S. polyanthum bioactive compounds using in silico approach. Methods: The S. polyanthum was extracted using the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method, and the bioactive compounds were screened using Liquid Chromatography–High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis. This study predicted the biological activity of S. polyanthum compounds using PASS Online server. Before docking, we analyzed the protein-protein interactions (PPIs) network of TNFα, NF-kB, SOD, and KEAP1. The molecular docking was done using Autodock Vina in PyRx software and visualized using Discovery Studio. Probability to be active (Pa) was determined. Results: The bioactive compounds found in S. polyanthum and used in this study were deoxyphomalone, NCGC00169066-01, and phloretin with retention times [min] of 0.886, 0.907, and 8.323, respectively. The predicted biological activity of compounds and controls were anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressant, TNF expression inhibitor, immunomodulatory and HIF1α expression inhibitor (Pa>0.5 for all S. polyanthum compounds and Pa<0.5 for SPD304, MG-132, and MDF). Based on PPIs network analysis, TNFα, NF-kB, SOD, and KEAP1 are associated. The molecular docking analysis showed that deoxyphomalone, NCGC00169066-01, and phloretin had inhibition potential against TNFα and NF-kB, and activation potential against SOD, due to several residues involved in the interaction of compounds-protein was the same as the interaction of inhibitor (SPD-304 and MG-132) and activator (gallic acid) control against the protein. The residues may have the same inhibition or activation mechanism as the control. However, S. polyanthum bioactive compounds may still have inhibition potential against KEAP1 through Ala548 residue that is also involved in the interaction of DMF-KEAP1. Conclusions: The bioactive compounds of S. polyanthum showed anti-inflammation and antioxidant potential, which may have a good effect in the treatment of PCOS, yet still need to be confirmed in vitro or in vivo research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. bioactive compounds in polycystic ovary syndrome: An in silico study

Aditya¹,

Santoso²

2022

J Pharm Pharmacogn Res

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“…The findings suggest that cytokines are involved in embryonic and reproductive development [ 150 ]. Specific pro-inflammatory cytokines in Peri-ovarian adipose tissue (POAT) of DHEA are enhanced in the PCOS rat model [ 151 ]. PCOS females have altered cytokine levels with obesity, diabetes, and IR-linking inflammation.…”

Section: The Metabolic Perspective Of Pcosmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Implication of Mechanistic Approaches and the Role of the Microbiome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Review

et al. 2023

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As a complex endocrine and metabolic condition, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects women’s reproductive health. These common symptoms include hirsutism, hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, irregular menstruation, and infertility. No one knows what causes it or how to stop it yet. Alterations in gut microbiota composition and disruptions in secondary bile acid production appear to play a causative role in developing PCOS. PCOS pathophysiology and phenotypes are tightly related to both enteric and vaginal bacteria. Patients with PCOS exhibit changed microbiome compositions and decreased microbial diversity. Intestinal microorganisms also alter PCOS patient phenotypes by upregulating or downregulating hormone release, gut-brain mediators, and metabolite synthesis. The human body’s gut microbiota, also known as the “second genome,” can interact with the environment to improve metabolic and immunological function. Inflammation is connected to PCOS and may be caused by dysbiosis in the gut microbiome. This review sheds light on the recently discovered connections between gut microbiota and insulin resistance (IR) and the potential mechanisms of PCOS. This study also describes metabolomic studies to obtain a clear view of PCOS and ways to tackle it.

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“…Additionally, a recent systemic review and meta-analysis showed that circulating inflammation is elevated in PCOS women, independent of obesity [40]. Similarly, it has been shown that developed animal models of PCOS exhibit significantly higher serum TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations compared with controls [41][42][43]. Many immune cells, including T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages, produce IL-6 and are activated in response to IL-6, resulting in autocrine feedback, which intensifies inflammation [44].…”

Section: Pro-inflammatory Cytokinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgen-Induced Cardiovascular Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Role of T Lymphocytes

Moulana

2023

Life

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An estimated 15–20% of reproductive-age women are affected by polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is associated with substantial metabolic and cardiovascular long-term consequences. In young women with PCOS, several cardiovascular risk factors may be found, including chronic inflammation, high blood pressure, and elevated leukocytes. These women are at an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), not only during the reproductive years, but also with aging and menopause; therefore, the early prevention and treatment of future cardiovascular adverse effects are necessary. The fundamental characteristic of PCOS is hyperandrogenemia, which is associated with increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and T lymphocytes. Whether these factors play a role in the pathophysiology of hypertension, a risk factor of CVD, due to PCOS is not well established. This review will briefly discuss how a modest increase in androgens in females is linked to the development of hypertension through pro-inflammatory cytokines and T lymphocyte subsets and the promotion of renal injury. Moreover, it reveals a few existing research gaps in this area, including the lack of specific therapy directed at androgen-induced inflammation and immune activation, thus emphasizing the necessity to explore the systemic inflammation in women with PCOS to halt the inevitable inflammatory process targeting the underlying abnormalities of CVD.

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Increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in ovary and effect of γ-linolenic acid on adipose tissue inflammation in a polycystic ovary syndrome model

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. bioactive compounds in polycystic ovary syndrome: An in silico study

Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. bioactive compounds in polycystic ovary syndrome: An in silico study

The Implication of Mechanistic Approaches and the Role of the Microbiome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Review

Androgen-Induced Cardiovascular Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: The Role of T Lymphocytes

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