Increased Prevalence of Sleep Disorders in Chronic Headache: A Case–Control Study

Song

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

et al. 2017

Study Objectives: To examine the comorbidity between insomnia and medical conditions. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in community adults, aged ≥ 60 years, who resided in one of four major cities in northern China. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected simultaneously. A total of 3,176 elderly adults (1,292 male, mean ± standard deviation age 70.2 ± 6.8 years; 1,884 female, 68.8 ± 6.7 years) were interviewed. Results: The prevalence of specific medical conditions in both people with insomnia and people without insomnia was detected. Significantly higher proportions of arrhythmia, hypertension, cerebral hemorrhage, migraine, and hyperlipidemia were observed in people with insomnia than in people without insomnia. Moreover, a significantly higher proportion of insomnia was seen in elderly people with arrhythmia and migraine. We also found that elderly people with insomnia who took sleep medications reported a higher prevalence of coexisting arrhythmia, hypertension, and migraine, even after adjusting for age, sex, and depression. Conclusions: Our results indicate associations between insomnia and medical conditions in the community elderly in China. People who complained of insomnia had poorer physical health conditions. Sleep medication may not be a covariate that influences the comorbidity of some specific physical conditions. I NTRO DUCTI O NInsomnia is a serious public health concern, with 46% to 69% of patients presenting to a primary care office to report complaints of insomnia.1,2 A total of 46% to 69% of patients who complain of insomnia have comorbid medical or psychiatric disorders.3-5 Insomnia has a significant negative effect on morbidity and mortality, particularly in the elderly.6,7 Crosssectional studies have attempted to determine whether people with insomnia report more health problems. [8][9][10] However, very little prevalence data have been reported, and some of the samples that have been used may limit generalizability. Taylor et al. performed a study with 772 subjects (aged 20-98 years) and found significant overlap between insomnia and multiple medical conditions. 4 In another cross-sectional study, researchers collected data from 9,000 older adults (aged ≥ 65 years) and found that a lifetime history of insomnia was associated with greater difficulties in daily activities, respiratory symptoms, and having two or more health problems (ie, hypertension, heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes, hip fracture, and other fractures). 10 The latter finding was further confirmed by the same research group who elucidated the association between insomnia and heart disease, stroke, hip fracture, and respiratory symptoms. 11 A meta-analysis found a high prevalence of sleep complaints with comorbid physical disorders in a large population of older adults from low-and middle-income countries. SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS Insomnia and Multimorbidity in the Community Elderly in China12 One underlying mechanism may be inflammation that is strongly linked to cardiovascular disease, 1...

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insomnia and Multimorbidity in the Community Elderly in China

Song

Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine

et al. 2017

“…20 Common conventional recommendations to prevent HA include improving lifestyle, particularly diet, sleep, and stress. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] Dietary changes include avoiding dietary HA triggers, such as processed meats, cheeses, caffeine, chocolate, aspartame, MSG, and foods containing tyramine, histamine, phenylalanine, nitrites, and sulfites. 31,32 Improved sleeping behavior (avoiding sleep deficits or erratic sleep behavior) is another fundamental strategy to prevent HA, particularly migraines.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…31,32 Improved sleeping behavior (avoiding sleep deficits or erratic sleep behavior) is another fundamental strategy to prevent HA, particularly migraines. 28,33 Stressmanagement strategies, such as slow deep breathing, self-hypnosis, autogenic training, biofeedback, mindfulness meditation, and progressive muscle relaxation have also been recommended. 30,[34][35][36][37] Based on emerging evidence, some clinicians also recommend dietary supplements that decrease inflammation (omega-3 fatty acids) and dietary supplements, such as riboflavin, magnesium, and coenzyme Q10.…”

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confidence: 99%

Complementary and Conventional Medicine Use Among Youth With Recurrent Headaches

Bethell¹,

Kemper

Gombojav³

et al. 2013

Pediatrics

OBJECTIVE: To identify prevalence and patterns of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among youth with recurrent headaches (HA) and evaluate associations with co-occurring health problems and limitations as well as with the use and expenditures for conventional medical care. METHODS: Variables were constructed for youth aged 10 to 17 by using linked data from the 2007 National Health Interview Survey and the 2008 Medical Expenditures Panel Survey. Bivariate, logistic, and 2-part regression analyses were used. RESULTS: Of the 10.6% of youth experiencing HA, 29.6% used CAM, rising to 41% for the many HA sufferers who also experienced difficulties with emotions, concentration, behavior, school attendance, or daily activities. Biologically based products (16.2%) and mind-body therapies (13.3%) were most commonly used, especially by the 86.4% of youth with HA experiencing at least 1 other chronic condition. Compared with non-CAM users, youth with HA who used CAM also had higher expenditures for and use of most types of conventional care. CONCLUSIONS: CAM use is most common among youth with HA experiencing multiple chronic conditions and difficulties in daily functioning. Associations among CAM use, multiple chronic conditions, and higher use of conventional care highlight the need for medical providers to routinely ask about CAM use to meet the complex health needs of their patients and facilitate the optimal integration of care. Research is needed to identify models for coordinating complementary and conventional care within a medical home and to understand the health benefits or risks associated with CAM use in conjunction with conventional treatments for patients with HA.

“…Some studies have investigated the association between headache and other sleep disturbances such as daytime sleepiness, insomnia, snoring and/or apnea, but few have focused on migraine. One study showed that chronic migraineurs had a high prevalence of sleep complaints and that these can be an independent risk for headache chronification [15].…”

Section: Migraine and Sleep Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migraine: risk factor and comorbidity

et al. 2012

The burden of migraine strongly increases considering its linkage with other psychiatric, neurological, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Migraine is positively associated with many disorders: some are confirmed by several studies whereas others remain uncertain or controversial. The association with some disorders is not simply due to concomitance but it implies a linkage in terms of causality. Highlighting these relationships is important to improve treatment strategies, broaden our knowledge of the pathophysiology and understand if migraine is per se a modifiable risk factor for some disorders.