Increased prevalence of HIV among Monkeypox patients – An alarming update

Ghaffar, Rimmel Abdul; Shahnoor, Syeda; Farooq, Minaam

doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2022.101039

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…This could be due to the fact that most of the cases occurred in MSM (51%) and that MSM has a greater HIV prevalence than the overall population [ 19 , 71 ]. In addition, HIV-positive patients are more likely to attend a health care facility and have a diagnostic test for Mpox compared to HIV-negative patients [ 72 ]. However, the 40% prevalence reported in this systematic review exceeds the prevalence of HIV in MSM in the USA (23%) [ 19 ] and Europe (7.7%) [ 73 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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The most recent monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak is mostly affecting men who have sex with men (MSM) who participate in high-risk sexual behaviors, which is typically the case among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) carriers, according to clinical and epidemiological statistics. The objective of this research is to determine the epidemiological situation of HIV and smallpox co-infection. Until 1 October 2022, a thorough evaluation of the literature was conducted utilizing the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies were evaluated based on the criteria for selection. Fifty-three studies met the selection criteria. A total of 6345 confirmed cases of monkeypox were recorded, and 40.32% (n = 2558) of these cases also had HIV co-infection. In addition, 51.36% (n = 3259) of the men (91.44%; n = 5802), whose ages ranged from 18 to 71 years, exhibited MSM-specific sexual behaviors. Co-infection with these two viruses can be especially dangerous because it can exacerbate the symptoms of both diseases and make them more difficult to treat. People with HIV are more vulnerable to certain infections, including monkeypox, because their immune systems are weakened. Therefore, it is important that they take measures to prevent infection, such as avoiding contact with infected animals, risky behaviors, and maintaining good hygiene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review

et al. 2023

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“…Evidence from the literature suggests that those who are immunocompromised due to HIV and other underlying conditions are at increased risk of severe mpox disease ( Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC), 2022b ) ( Yinka-Ogunleye et al., 2019 ). A high proportion of patients with mpox in the 2022 outbreak had concurrent HIV infection and sexually transmitted infections (STI) ( Fischer et al., 2022 ; Ghaffar and Shahnoor, 2022 ). Mpox patients with HIV infection were more likely to be hospitalized than those without HIV infection ( Curran et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics

Alakunle,

Kolawole,

Diaz-Cánova

et al. 2024

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the etiological agent of monkeypox (mpox), a zoonotic disease. MPXV is endemic in the forested regions of West and Central Africa, but the virus has recently spread globally, causing outbreaks in multiple non-endemic countries. In this paper, we review the characteristics of the virus, including its ecology, genomics, infection biology, and evolution. We estimate by phylogenomic molecular clock that the B.1 lineage responsible for the 2022 mpox outbreaks has been in circulation since 2016. We interrogate the host-virus interactions that modulate the virus infection biology, signal transduction, pathogenesis, and host immune responses. We highlight the changing pathophysiology and epidemiology of MPXV and summarize recent advances in the prevention and treatment of mpox. In addition, this review identifies knowledge gaps with respect to the virus and the disease, suggests future research directions to address the knowledge gaps, and proposes a One Health approach as an effective strategy to prevent current and future epidemics of mpox.

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“…The deterioration of the patient’s condition as a whole has been linked to a second febrile phase that starts when skin lesions turn pustular [ 6 ]. Patients with HIV may experience different symptoms [ 44 ]. Since June 1 of this year, 66 people have already died from monkeypox in African countries; however, most recent cases recorded in non-endemic countries have been rather mild [ 45 ].…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monkeypox: the resurgence of forgotten things

Kim¹,

Jung²,

Peck³

2022

Epidemiol Health

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Monkeypox, a rare zoonotic disease, is prevalent primarily in Central and Western Africa. However, as the 2022 monkeypox outbreak is the first incidence of widespread community transmission outside Africa, monkeypox is emerging as a worldwide concern. Monkeypox is caused by the monkeypox virus, which belongs to the genus orthopoxvirus and presents as a vesicular-pustular disease that may be preceded by fever, malaise, and other constitutional symptoms. If present, lymphadenopathy may distinguish it from chickenpox or smallpox. However, contrary to previous manifestations, most monkeypox patients presented with atypical features during the 2022 outbreak. Monkeypox is usually a self-limiting disease with symptoms lasting between 2 and 4 weeks and is mainly transmitted when a person is in contact with an infected animal, person, or fomites contaminated with the virus. Very few treatment options are available for treating this disease. Tecovirimat has been licensed in some countries for the treatment of smallpox and monkeypox infections. Two other medications, cidofovir and brincidofovir, were effective against poxviruses in in vitro and animal studies, but data on human cases of monkeypox are limited. Although Imvamune (JYNNEOS), a vaccine against monkeypox, is authorized in the United States, there are currently no established routine vaccination programs. Current preventive strategies focus on the detection of probable cases and containment of the outbreak through the implementation of selected ring vaccination programs. Fundamental principles to prevent the spread of monkeypox, including maintaining personal hygiene and avoiding close contact with symptomatic patients, are of paramount importance.

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Increased prevalence of HIV among Monkeypox patients – An alarming update

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review

Epidemiologic Situation of HIV and Monkeypox Coinfection: A Systematic Review

A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics

Monkeypox: the resurgence of forgotten things

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