Increased Plasmatic Levels of PSA-Expressing Exosomes Distinguish Prostate Cancer Patients from Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Prospective Study

Logozzi, Mariantonia; Angelini, Daniela F.; Giuliani, Alessandro; Mizzoni, Davide; Raimo, Rossella Di; Maggi, Martina; Gentilucci, Alessandro; Marzio, Vittorio; Salciccia, Stefano; Borsellino, Giovanna; Battistini, Luca; Sciarra, Alessandro; Fais, Stefano

doi:10.3390/cancers11101449

Cited by 82 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…PSA testing decreased the mortality of PCa but was related to a high risk of overdiagnosis [20]. It is difficult for PSA to distinguish the PCa from BPH patients, which may contribute to a mass of misdiagnose and unnecessary biopsies [21]. Therefore, improved biomarkers for detection of PCa remain necessary [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating let-7f-5p improve risk prediction of prostate cancer in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Ge¹,

Wang²,

Shao³

et al. 2020

J. Cancer

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Background: Although the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing was widely used for early detection of prostate cancer (PCa), it is difficult for PSA to distinguish the PCa from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients. Emerging evidence has shown that microRNA (miRNA) was a promising biomarker for PCa screening. Methods: We applied miRNA profiling from microarray or high-throughput sequencing in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases to identify the differentially expressed miRNAs in PCa patients (n = 1,017) and controls (n = 413). Then, qRT-PCR analysis was used to validate the expression of candidate miRNAs in our independent cohort, include 66 PCa cases and 63 BPH patients diagnosed by biopsy. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of miRNAs and PSA. Results: In the microarray analysis, we identified two consistently differently expressed miRNAs (miR-103a-3p and let-7f-5p) between PCa patients and controls. In the subsequent qRT-PCR analysis, the let-7f-5p was upregulated in PCa compared with BPH patients (P=2.17E-07), but no statistically difference of miR-103a-3p expression was observed (P=0.456). The AUC was 0.904 for combination of lef-7f-5p and PSA, which was significantly higher than that of let-7f-5p (0.782) or PSA (0.795) alone (P=7.55E-04 and P=2.09E-03, respectively). Besides, the results of decision curve analysis and nomogram prediction indicated that combination of let-7f-5p and PSA had superior predictive accuracy of PCa. Conclusions: Our study suggests that plasma let-7f-5p combining PSA could serve as potentially diagnostic biomarkers for PCa.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating let-7f-5p improve risk prediction of prostate cancer in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Ge¹,

Wang²,

Shao³

et al. 2020

J. Cancer

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“…Its levels are higher in patients' tumor-derived exosomes than in healthy donors [47]. Plasma Exosomes from prostate cancer patients are enriched in PSA, useful in distinguishing PCa patients from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients [48].…”

Section: The Role Of Exosomes In Solid Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering the Exosomes Diversity: A Window of Opportunity for Tumor Progression Monitoring

et al. 2020

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Cells can communicate through special “messages in the bottle”, which are recorded in the bloodstream inside vesicles, namely exosomes. The exosomes are nanovesicles of 30–100 nm in diameter that carry functionally active biological material, such as proteins, messanger RNA (mRNAs), and micro RNA (miRNAs). Therefore, they are able to transfer specific signals from a parental cell of origin to the surrounding cells in the microenvironment and to distant organs through the circulatory and lymphatic stream. More and more interest is rising for the pathological role of exosomes produced by cancer cells and for their potential use in tumor monitoring and patient follow up. In particular, the exosomes could be an appropriate index of proliferation and cancer cell communication for monitoring the minimal residual disease, which cannot be easily detectable by common diagnostic and monitoring techniques. The lack of unequivocal markers for tumor-derived exosomes calls for new strategies for exosomes profile characterization aimed at the adoption of exosomes as an official tumor biomarker for tumor progression monitoring.

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“…Moreover, they are liberated over all kinds of body cells (epithelium cells, haematopoietic cells, adipocytes, healthy and malignant cells) 75 , released in almost all cell types under physiological and pathophysiological conditions and mediate intercellular contacts 76 . A theranostic solution could be represented by the nanosized EVs, which may transmit biomarkers of diseases and/or vectors of therapeutic molecules, offering a unique opportunity to use a combination of different markers specifically expressed for tumour-derived EVs 74,76,77 . For example, Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) does not differentiate between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and a Prostate Cancer (PC), resulting in large numbers of unnecessary biopsies and missed diagnosis of cancer.…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles (Evs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) does not differentiate between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and a Prostate Cancer (PC), resulting in large numbers of unnecessary biopsies and missed diagnosis of cancer. Since exosomes are directly detectable in patient plasma, the plasmatic exosomes expressing PSA have the potential in distinguishing healthy individuals, BPH, and PC 77 .…”

Section: Extracellular Vesicles (Evs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbonic anhydrase IX as a novel candidate in liquid biopsy

Guler

Supuran

Capasso

2019

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry

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Among the diagnostic techniques for the identification of tumour biomarkers, the liquid biopsy is considered one that offers future research on precision diagnosis and treatment of tumours in a non-invasive manner. The approach consists of isolating tumor-derived components, such as circulating tumour cells (CTC), tumour cell-free DNA (ctDNA), and extracellular vesicles (EVs), from the patient peripheral blood fluids. These elements constitute a source of genomic and proteomic information for cancer treatment. Within the tumour-derived components of the body fluids, the enzyme indicated with the acronym CA IX and belonging to the superfamily of carbonic anhydrases (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) is a promising aspirant for checking tumours. CA IX is a transmembrane-CA isoform that is strongly overexpressed in many cancers being not much diffused in healthy tissues except the gastrointestinal tract. Here, it is summarised the role of CA IX as tumour-associated protein and its putative relationship in liquid biopsyfor diagnosing and monitoring cancer progression. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Increased Plasmatic Levels of PSA-Expressing Exosomes Distinguish Prostate Cancer Patients from Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Prospective Study

Cited by 82 publications

References 28 publications

Circulating let-7f-5p improve risk prediction of prostate cancer in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Circulating let-7f-5p improve risk prediction of prostate cancer in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia

Uncovering the Exosomes Diversity: A Window of Opportunity for Tumor Progression Monitoring

Carbonic anhydrase IX as a novel candidate in liquid biopsy

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