“…Although tumors acquire energy predominantly via the “Warburg effect” [ 59 ], seriously accelerated OXPHOS was still observed in considerable malignant cell lines during tumorigenesis, development, and metastasis [ 60 , 61 ]. Consequently, diverse mitochondria respiratory chain inhibitors, including α-tocopherol succinate [ 62 ], papaverine [ 63 ], atovaquone [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 ], tamoxifen [ 69 , 70 ], metformin [ 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ], and nitric oxide (NO) [ 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ], have been used for reducing oxygen consumption and increasing PDT efficiency. For example, a nanoplatform was prepared through incorporating L-Arginine and a photosensitizer chlorin e6 with poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) ( Figure 6 ) [ 79 ].…”