Increased pH-mediated alleviation of copper-toxicity and growth response function in Citrus sinensis seedlings

Cai, Li-Ya; Zhang, Jiang; Ren, Qianqian; Lai, Yin-Hua; Peng, Ming-Yi; Deng, Chong-Ling; Ye, Xin; Yang, Lin-Tong; Huang, Zeng-Rong; Chen, Li‐Song

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110310

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Heavy metal (HM) stress had detrimental effects on seed germination and membrane stability of horticultural plants, which inhibited plant growth and crop yield [ 25 ]. Similarly, Cu toxicity decreased the leaf chlorophyll content and depressed the shoot and the root development of citrus species, which is in line with our previous reports [ 26 , 27 ]. Additionally, Cu toxicity significantly downregulated the shoot biomass to dry weight ratio whereas it upregulated the root biomass to dry weight of the two citrus species ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Herein, we found Cu toxicity increased starch granules accumulation in the leaf palisade and spongy parenchymatous tissues ( Figure 2 C,D,G,H) and root cells ( Figure 3 D,H) of two citrus species compared with control. Li et al [ 26 ] demonstrated the increased starch accumulation in the leaves and roots of two citrus species. It has been proposed that Cu-toxicity-induced starch accumulation in cucumber leaves is related to a decreased phloem loading [ 33 ], leading to feedback inhibition of photosynthesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological and Ultrastructural Responses to Excessive-Copper-Induced Toxicity in Two Differentially Copper Tolerant Citrus Species

Lin

et al. 2023

Plants

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Over-applied copper (Cu)-based agrochemicals are toxic to citrus trees. However, less information is available discussing the ultrastructural alterations in Cu-stressed citrus species. In the present study, seedlings of Citrus sinensis and Citrus grandis that differed in Cu-tolerance were sandy-cultured with nutrient solution containing 0.5 µM Cu (as control) or 300 µM Cu (as Cu toxicity) for 18 weeks. At the end of the treatments, the physiological parameters and ultrastructural features of the citrus leaves and roots were analyzed. The results indicate that Cu toxicity significantly decreased the ratio of shoot biomass to dry weight, the Cu translocation factor and the total chlorophyll of two citrus species. The anatomical and ultrastructural alterations verified that excessive Cu resulted in starch granules accumulated in the leaves and roots of the two citrus species. Under Cu toxicity, increased root flocculent precipitate and thickened root cell wall might reduce the Cu translocation from citrus roots to the shoots. Compared with C. sinensis, C. grandis maintained a relatively integral root cellular structure under Cu toxicity, which provided a structural basis for a higher Cu tolerance than C. sinensis. The present results increase our understanding of the physiological and ultrastructural responses to Cu toxicity in citrus species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Ultrastructural Responses to Excessive-Copper-Induced Toxicity in Two Differentially Copper Tolerant Citrus Species

Lin

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…Less is known about how leaves deal with Cu-toxicity. Growing evidence has shown that Cu-toxicity also influences biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic electron transport chain (PETC), CO 2 assimilation [ 2 , 10 ], production and detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 11 , 12 ], phenol metabolism [ 13 ], hormone biosynthesis [ 14 ], nitrogen (N) and carbohydrate metabolism [ 2 , 15 ], and cell wall formation [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Responses of Citrus grandis Leaves to Copper Toxicity Revealed by RNA-Seq and Physiology

Huang

Peng

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Copper (Cu)-toxic effects on Citrus grandis growth and Cu uptake, as well as gene expression and physiological parameters in leaves were investigated. Using RNA-Seq, 715 upregulated and 573 downregulated genes were identified in leaves of C. grandis seedlings exposed to Cu-toxicity (LCGSEC). Cu-toxicity altered the expression of 52 genes related to cell wall metabolism, thus impairing cell wall metabolism and lowering leaf growth. Cu-toxicity downregulated the expression of photosynthetic electron transport-related genes, thus reducing CO2 assimilation. Some genes involved in thermal energy dissipation, photorespiration, reactive oxygen species scavenging and cell redox homeostasis and some antioxidants (reduced glutathione, phytochelatins, metallothioneins, l-tryptophan and total phenolics) were upregulated in LCGSEC, but they could not protect LCGSEC from oxidative damage. Several adaptive responses might occur in LCGSEC. LCGSEC displayed both enhanced capacities to maintain homeostasis of Cu via reducing Cu uptake by leaves and preventing release of vacuolar Cu into the cytoplasm, and to improve internal detoxification of Cu by accumulating Cu chelators (lignin, reduced glutathione, phytochelatins, metallothioneins, l-tryptophan and total phenolics). The capacities to maintain both energy homeostasis and Ca homeostasis might be upregulated in LCGSEC. Cu-toxicity increased abscisates (auxins) level, thus stimulating stomatal closure and lowering water loss (enhancing water use efficiency and photosynthesis).

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“…Citrus can be cultivated in soils covering a wide range of pH and are tolerant to acid soils [ 4 ]. Previously, we investigated low pH effects on growth, nutrient and water uptake, carbohydrates, gas exchange, photosynthetic electron transport, and protein expression profiles in leaves; production and detoxification of ROS and methylglyoxal in roots and leaves; and pH-mediated mitigation of copper (Cu) and Al toxicities in sweet orange seedlings [ 3 , 4 , 7 , 11 , 13 , 14 , 19 , 21 , 22 ]. Based on our findings, we used RNA-Seq and targeted metabolomics to investigate low pH-induced alterations in the expression levels of genes and the abundances of OAs and free AAs (FAAs) in sweet orange leaves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular and Physiological Responses of Citrus sinensis Leaves to Long-Term Low pH Revealed by RNA-Seq Integrated with Targeted Metabolomics

Lai

Zheng

Hua

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Low pH-induced alterations in gene expression profiles and organic acids (OA) and free amino acid (FAA) abundances were investigated in sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Xuegan] leaves. We identified 503 downregulated and 349 upregulated genes in low pH-treated leaves. Further analysis indicated that low pH impaired light reaction and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, thereby lowering photosynthesis in leaves. Low pH reduced carbon and carbohydrate metabolisms, OA biosynthesis and ATP production in leaves. Low pH downregulated the biosynthesis of nitrogen compounds, proteins, and FAAs in leaves, which might be conducive to maintaining energy homeostasis during ATP deprivation. Low pH-treated leaves displayed some adaptive responses to phosphate starvation, including phosphate recycling, lipid remodeling, and phosphate transport, thus enhancing leaf acid-tolerance. Low pH upregulated the expression of some reactive oxygen species (ROS) and aldehyde detoxifying enzyme (peroxidase and superoxidase) genes and the concentrations of some antioxidants (L-tryptophan, L-proline, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, and pyroglutamic acid), but it impaired the pentose phosphate pathway and VE and secondary metabolite biosynthesis and downregulated the expression of some ROS and aldehyde detoxifying enzyme (ascorbate peroxidase, aldo-keto reductase, and 2-alkenal reductase) genes and the concentrations of some antioxidants (pyridoxine and γ-aminobutyric acid), thus disturbing the balance between production and detoxification of ROS and aldehydes and causing oxidative damage to leaves.

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Increased pH-mediated alleviation of copper-toxicity and growth response function in Citrus sinensis seedlings

Cited by 15 publications

References 55 publications

Physiological and Ultrastructural Responses to Excessive-Copper-Induced Toxicity in Two Differentially Copper Tolerant Citrus Species

Physiological and Ultrastructural Responses to Excessive-Copper-Induced Toxicity in Two Differentially Copper Tolerant Citrus Species

Adaptive Responses of Citrus grandis Leaves to Copper Toxicity Revealed by RNA-Seq and Physiology

Molecular and Physiological Responses of Citrus sinensis Leaves to Long-Term Low pH Revealed by RNA-Seq Integrated with Targeted Metabolomics

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