Increased Numbers of Th2-Like CD4+ T Cells in Target Organs and in the Allergen-Specific Repertoire of Allergic Patients

Romagnani, Sergio; Maggi, Enrico; Parronchi, Paola; Macchia, Donatella; Piccinni, Marie‐Pierre; Ricci, M

doi:10.1159/000235344

Cited by 41 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This theory is supported by the identification of Th2-like cells in lungs, eyes and skin [31][32][33]. Some of these findings are based on cloned T cells raised with PHA and then tested for specificity to different allergens [14,16,32]. Others are the results of specific tests performed on allergic patients with the relevant sensitizing allergen [31,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Seasonal Variations in T-Lymphocyte Response to Grass Pollen Allergens from Pollen-Allergic Patients and Healthy Controls

Jepsen

Nielsen

Olsen

et al. 1998

Exp Clin Immunogenet

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Previous studies have demonstrated the presence of grass pollen-specific T cells in grass pollen-allergic patients (GPA) as well as nonallergic subjects (NA). In order to elucidate a possible seasonal variation in proliferation and cytokine production of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), PBMC from 13 GPA and 11 NA were stimulated with extracts of Phleum pratense and tetanus toxoid before and during two grass pollen seasons. IL-4, IL-5 and interferon-γ were determined by ELISAs. PBMC from GPA demonstrated a decreased proliferative response to grass pollen allergens during the pollen season as compared to NA (p < 0.05), but no difference was found in the response to tetanus toxoid. Cells from GPA produced higher amounts of IL-4 and IL-5 than NA (p < 0.05) and the seasonal variation in GPA proliferation was paralleled by the grass pollen-induced production of both IL-4 and IL-5 (p < 0.05). We conclude that during the grass pollen season PBMC from GPA have a reduced ability to proliferate and to produce Th2-type cytokines. This may be due to seasonal migration of the grass pollen-specific T cells from the blood to the tissues of primary allergen exposure.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Seasonal Variations in T-Lymphocyte Response to Grass Pollen Allergens from Pollen-Allergic Patients and Healthy Controls

Jepsen

Nielsen

Olsen

et al. 1998

Exp Clin Immunogenet

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“…Diarrhoea and vomiting were not reported by patients of this group. An imbalance in Th1/Th2 immune response has been related to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases [14]. Probiotic effects also may be mediated via control of the balance between pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety of Azithromycin Alone and in Combination With Probiotic in the Treatment of Impetigo in Children

Sudha

Nirmala

Ramanathan

et al. 2017

Int J Curr Pharm Sci

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Objective: Impetigo is a superficial infection of the skin that involves only the epidermis. It affects mostly children, usually on exposed areas of the body (eg. The face and the legs). Staphylococcus aureus is the most important causative organism. Streptococcus pyogenes (i.e.) group A betahemolytic streptococcus) causes fewer cases, either alone or in combination with S. aureus. The objective of this study is to find out the efficacy and safety of azithromycin alone and in combination with probiotic among children suffering from impetigo.Methods: This prospective, randomized, single-blinded interventional study was conducted for a period of 6 mo in pediatric OPD and dermatology OPD in Rajah Muthiah Medical College and Hospital. A total of 100 patients, randomly divided into two groups with 50 patients in each group. Group, I patients treated with Azithromycin 10 mg/kg/d for 5 d. Group II patients treated with Azithromycin 10 mg/kg/d for 5 d with probiotic (50 million spores of Lactobacillus sporegens, Streptococcus faecalis 30 million spores, clostridium butyricum 2 million spores, Bacillus mesentericus 1 million spores) twice daily for 5ds.Results: Reduction in a number of lesions and wound area, clinical response were highly significant in Azithromycin with the probiotic-treated group. Conclusion:In this study, probiotic bacteria may counteract the inflammatory process beyond the intestinal milieu. The results of this study indicate that Azithromycin with probiotic is effective in the treatment of impetigo.

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“…For this reason our study was aimed at the perinatal and prenatal period and the factors that may influence a rise in allergies in early childhood. A critical period when external factor may affect the immune system is during the first month of life [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that it may be appropriate to determine IgE in the newborn of atopic parents, such that a measured high level may indicate a higher potential risk of allergy [4,12,13]. The genetic makeup of an individual significantly influences the initiation and progression of allergic reactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Significance of Immunoglobulin E in Umbilical Blood in Relation to an Allergic Family History, Seasonality, Child Immunity and the Impact of Applied Non-pathogenic E. coli on Children’s Microbiome

Liska¹,

Siala²,

Blanka³

et al. 2017

JLS

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Abstract:We examined IgE levels in 4,312 samples of umbilical blood taken from children born into families with a positive history of allergy in one or both parents from 1998-2015. At the age of ten days, those with high IgE were given Colinfant Newborn (a lyophilized non-pathogenic strain of E. coli) for one month, three times weekly. At 15 months and three years we investigated the levels of IgE, IgA and IgG, and the incidence of illness and allergy. The results revealed that allergy and high umbilical IgE is strongly linked with family history (p ≤ 0.001). We also detected differences in seasonality, especially with regards to pollen allergies. About 80% of children treated with Colinfant had significantly reduced IgE and morbidity at 13-15 months and 3 years, and furthermore without any clinical signs of allergy. Surprisingly 20% of treated children did not have reduced IgE, and yet they did not have any clinical signs of allergy. Normalization of IgA and IgG was seen in 90% of treated subjects (p ≤ 0.001). These levels significantly are correlated with an almost negligible morbidity up to 4 years of life. Our study strongly suggests a positive effect of physiological E. coli on the microbiome of children as evidenced by a significantly reduced incidence of allergy and morbidity when applied early in life.

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Increased Numbers of Th2-Like CD4+ T Cells in Target Organs and in the Allergen-Specific Repertoire of Allergic Patients

Cited by 41 publications

References 4 publications

Seasonal Variations in T-Lymphocyte Response to Grass Pollen Allergens from Pollen-Allergic Patients and Healthy Controls

Seasonal Variations in T-Lymphocyte Response to Grass Pollen Allergens from Pollen-Allergic Patients and Healthy Controls

Comparative Study of Efficacy and Safety of Azithromycin Alone and in Combination With Probiotic in the Treatment of Impetigo in Children

Significance of Immunoglobulin E in Umbilical Blood in Relation to an Allergic Family History, Seasonality, Child Immunity and the Impact of Applied Non-pathogenic E. coli on Children’s Microbiome

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