Increased Neurotropic Threat from Burkholderia pseudomallei Strains with a B. mallei–like Variation in the bimA Motility Gene, Australia

Morris, Jodie L.; Fåne, Anne; Sarovich, Derek S.; Price, Erin P.; Rush, Catherine M.; Govan, Brenda; Parker, Elizabeth M.; Mayo, Mark; Currie, Bart J.; Ketheesan, Natkunam

doi:10.3201/eid2305.151417

Cited by 21 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Presence of BimA Bm was also observed in few (n = 9) of our isolates and had a significant association with neurological presentations. Similar association of BimA Bm variant with neurological melioidosis was reported in Australian patients and more recently in a study using mice model [4, 18]. Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) is a surface protein of B .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Implications of environmental and pathogen-specific determinants on clinical presentations and disease outcome in melioidosis patients

et al. 2019

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Background Melioidosis is gaining recognition as an emerging infectious disease with diverse clinical manifestations and high-case fatality rates worldwide. However, the molecular epidemiology of the disease outside the endemic regions such as northeast part of Thailand and northern Australia remains unclear. Methodology/Principal findings Clinical data and B . pseudomallei isolates obtained from 199 culture-confirmed cases of melioidosis diagnosed during 2006–2016 in South India were used to elucidate the host and pathogen specific variable virulence determinants associated with clinical presentations and disease outcome. Further, we determined the temporal variations and the influence of ecological factors on B . pseudomallei Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes causing infections. Severe forms of the disease were observed amongst 169 (85%) patients. Renal dysfunction and infection due to B . pseudomallei harboring BimA Bm variant had significant associations with severe forms of the disease. Diabetes mellitus, septicemic melioidosis and infection due to LPSB genotype were independent risk factors for mortality. LPSB (74%) and LPSA (20.6%) were the prevalent genotypes causing infections. Both genotypes demonstrated temporal variations and had significant correlations with rainfall and humidity. Conclusion/Significance Our study findings suggest that the pathogen specific virulence traits under the influence of ecological factors are the key drivers for geographical variations in the molecular epidemiology of melioidosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Implications of environmental and pathogen-specific determinants on clinical presentations and disease outcome in melioidosis patients

et al. 2019

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“…Presence of BimA Bm was also observed in few (n=9) of our isolates and had a significant association with neurological presentations. Similar association of BimA Bm variant with neurological melioidosis was reported in Australian patients and more recently in a study using mice model [4,18]. Filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) is a surface protein of B. pseudomallei involved in adhesion to the host epithelial cells and formation of multinucleated giant cells [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Unraveling the implications of environmental, host and pathogen-specific determinants on clinical presentations and disease progression among Indian melioidosis patients

Shaw

Tellapragada

Kamath

et al. 2018

Preprint

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BackgroundMelioidosis is gaining recognition as an emerging infectious disease with diverse clinical manifestations and high-case fatality rates,worldwide. However, the molecular epidemiology of the disease outside the endemic regions such as,Thailand and Northern Australia remains unclear.MethodsClinical data and B. pseudomallei (Bps) isolates obtained from 199 culture-confirmed cases of melioidosis, diagnosed during 2006-2016 inSouth India were used to elucidate the host and pathogen-specific variable virulence determinants associated with clinical presentations and disease progression. Further, we determined the temporal variations and the influence of ecological factors on Bps Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) genotypes causing infections.ResultSevere forms of the disease were observed amongst 169 (85%) patients. Renal dysfunction and infection due to Bps harboring Bim-ABm variant had significant associations with severe forms of the disease. Diabetes mellitus, septicemic melioidosis and infection due to LPS-B genotype were independent risk factors for mortality. LPS-B (74%) and LPS-A (20.6%) were the prevalent genotypes causing infections. Both genotypes demonstrated temporal variations and had significant correlations with rainfall and humidity.ConclusionOur study findings suggest that the pathogen-specific virulence traits, under the influence of ecological factors are the key drivers for geographical variations in the molecular epidemiology of melioidosis.

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“…These genetic markers were developed in the pre-genomics era to provide a rapid determination of strain relatedness, virulence potential and origin [ 30, 31 ]. All isolates were positive for the virulence genes fhaB 3 [ 33 ] and bimA Bp [ 32 ], except for MSHR9076 (ST-722), which harboured the B. mallei -like neurotropic variant bimA Bm [ 34 ] instead of bimA Bp . In addition, MSHR0052 (ST-722) was YLF-positive, whereas all other isolates possessed the BTFC cluster, including MSHR9076 ( Table 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suspected cases of intracontinental Burkholderia pseudomallei sequence type homoplasy resolved using whole-genome sequencing

et al. 2017

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Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram-negative environmental bacterium that causes melioidosis, a disease of high mortality in humans and animals. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) is a popular and portable genotyping method that has been used extensively to characterise the genetic diversity of B. pseudomallei populations. MLST has been central to our understanding of the underlying phylogeographical signal present in the B. pseudomallei genome, revealing distinct populations on both the intra- and the inter-continental level. However, due to its high recombination rate, it is possible for B. pseudomallei isolates to share the same multilocus sequence type (ST) despite being genetically and geographically distinct, with two cases of ‘ST homoplasy’ recently reported between Cambodian and Australian B. pseudomallei isolates. This phenomenon can dramatically confound conclusions about melioidosis transmission patterns and source attribution, a critical issue for bacteria such as B. pseudomallei that are of concern due to their potential for use as bioweapons. In this study, we used whole-genome sequencing to identify the first reported instances of intracontinental ST homoplasy, which involved ST-722 and ST-804 B. pseudomallei isolates separated by large geographical distances. In contrast, a third suspected homoplasy case was shown to be a true long-range (460 km) dispersal event between a remote Australian island and the Australian mainland. Our results show that, whilst a highly useful and portable method, MLST can occasionally lead to erroneous conclusions about isolate origin and disease attribution. In cases where a shared ST is identified between geographically distant locales, whole-genome sequencing should be used to resolve strain origin.

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Increased Neurotropic Threat from Burkholderia pseudomallei Strains with a B. mallei–like Variation in the bimA Motility Gene, Australia

Abstract: These strains have heightened pathogenic potential for rapid dissemination to multiple tissues, including the central nervous system.

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Implications of environmental and pathogen-specific determinants on clinical presentations and disease outcome in melioidosis patients

Implications of environmental and pathogen-specific determinants on clinical presentations and disease outcome in melioidosis patients

Unraveling the implications of environmental, host and pathogen-specific determinants on clinical presentations and disease progression among Indian melioidosis patients

Suspected cases of intracontinental Burkholderia pseudomallei sequence type homoplasy resolved using whole-genome sequencing

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