Increased Micronucleus Frequency After Oral Administration of Cadmium in Dogs

Dönmez-Altuntaş, Hamiyet; Hamurcu, Zühal; Lïman, Narin; Demirtaş, Halil; Imamoglu, Nefise

doi:10.1385/bter:112:3:241

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

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Assessment of Cadmium Genotoxicity in Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Tissues of Male Wistar Rats

Çelık

Büyükakıllı

Çimen

et al. 2009

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods

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In this study, Cadmium (Cd) genotoxicity was investigated in both bone marrow and peripheral blood treatment using rat micronucleus technique as genotoxicity test at acute and chronic treatment in the same animals. This study evaluated the frequency of micronuclei in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of male rats treated with unique cadmium dose (15 mg/kg. body w/day) by gavage for 60 days and acute treatment for 24 h, respectively. Mitomycin C (MMC) 2 mg/kg body wt was used as a positive control. This study shows that cadmium chloride treatment significantly induced the frequency of micronucleus in polychromatic erythrocytes in both tibia bone marrow and peripheral blood (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). This increase in micronucleus frequency shows that cadmium has a genotoxic effect on bone marrow and peripheral blood at this level. Also, in order to determine cytotoxicity in bone marrow and peripheral blood, the ratio of polychromatic erythrocytes to normochromatic erythrocytes was calculated in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Cd treatment decreased this ratio in only bone marrow. The results of this study demonstrate that Cd has both toxic and genotoxic potential in bone marrow and only genotoxic potential in peripheral blood. There is a significant difference between the control group and exposed group, including acute and chronic treatment for blood Cd level (p < 0.001). No significant difference was found between acute and chronic exposure group (p > 0.05).

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Assessment of Cadmium Genotoxicity in Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Tissues of Male Wistar Rats

Çelık

Büyükakıllı

Çimen

et al. 2009

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods

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Protective Effect of Grapefruit Juice on the Teratogenic and Genotoxic Damage Induced by Cadmium in Mice

Argüelles

Álvarez-González

Chamorro

et al. 2012

Journal of Medicinal Food

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In the present study, we injected pregnant mice at Day 7 of gestation with cadmium chloride (CC) (1.5 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and determined its effect on the frequency of fetal malformations at Day 17 of pregnancy. On the same day, we also determined the level of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MNPEs) and of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MNNEs) in blood cells of both the mothers and their fetuses. A significant increase in the number of malformations was found, mainly exencephaly, micrognathia, ablephary, microphthalmia, and clubfoot, as well as a significant increase in the amount of MNPEs and MNNEs. In addition, pregnant mice were administered grapefruit juice (GJ) orally from Days 0 to 17 of the experiment (from 200 to 800 μL/g) to evaluate the potential of the juice in preventing the damage induced by CC. We found a dose-dependent decrease in the number of visceral and skeletal malformations, as well as in the number of MNPEs and MNNEs, in both the mothers and their fetuses. Furthermore, we determined the level of DNA oxidation by measuring levels of the adduct 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and we found a significant increase in such level induced by CC; in contrast, there was a significant decrease when we added GJ. Therefore, the observed teratogenic and genotoxic protection can probably be related with the antioxidant potential of GJ.

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Genomic Instability and Cyto-Genotoxic Damage in Animal Species

Arellano-García¹,

Torres-Bugarı́n²,

García-García³

et al. 2022

Updates on Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology

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Genomic instability is a condition that may be associated with carcinogenesis and/or physiological disorders when genetic lesions are not repaired. Besides, wild, captive, and domesticated vertebrates are exposed to xenobiotics, leading to health disorders due to cytogenotoxicity. This chapter provides an overview of tests to assess cytogenotoxicity based on micronuclei (MNi) formation. Bone marrow micronuclei test (BmMNt), peripheral blood erythrocyte micronuclei test (PBMNt), and lymphocyte cytokinesis blocking micronuclei assay (CBMN) are discussed. The most illustrative studies of these techniques applied in different vertebrates of veterinary interest are described. The values of spontaneous basal micronuclei in captive, experimental, and farm animals (rodents, hamsters, pigs, goats, cattle, horses, fish) are summarized. In addition, a flow cytometry technique is presented to reduce the time taken to record MNi and other cellular abnormalities. Flow cytometry is helpful to analyze some indicators of genomic instability, such as cell death processes and stages (necrosis, apoptosis) and to efficiently evaluate some biomarkers of genotoxicity like MNi in BmMNt, PBMNt, and CBMN. The intention is to provide veterinary professionals with techniques to assess and interpret cytogenotoxicity biomarkers to anticipate therapeutic management in animals at risk of carcinogenesis or other degenerative diseases.

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Increased Micronucleus Frequency After Oral Administration of Cadmium in Dogs

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of Cadmium Genotoxicity in Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Tissues of Male Wistar Rats

Assessment of Cadmium Genotoxicity in Peripheral Blood and Bone Marrow Tissues of Male Wistar Rats

Protective Effect of Grapefruit Juice on the Teratogenic and Genotoxic Damage Induced by Cadmium in Mice

Genomic Instability and Cyto-Genotoxic Damage in Animal Species

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