Increased measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine uptake in the context of a targeted immunisation campaign during a measles outbreak in a vaccine-reluctant community in England

Menach, Arnaud Le; Boxall, Naomi; Amirthalingam, Gayatri; Maddock, Liz; Balasegaram, Sooria; Mindlin, Miranda

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.002

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The change seen in vaccination intentions after the outbreak suggests that experience of measles directly influences vaccination beliefs. Studies assessing views on outbreak prevention found conflicting evidence regarding vaccine decliners reconsidering their decision due to an outbreak [1]; however, research has shown an increase in MMR vaccine uptake during a measles outbreak [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the change in beliefs caused by experiences, increasing awareness of measles and its dangers could be beneficial in improving uptake, with media campaigns being potentially useful. Furthermore, the prominence of the historical MMR autism link in decision making would suggest that catch-up campaigns, new methods to disseminate information and opportunistic approaches during outbreaks could be useful [25][26][27]. Previous evidence supports the use of parental meetings to improve the vaccination process [28], with GPs and health visitors viewed as trusted sources of information [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Reasons for measles cases not being vaccinated with MMR: investigation into parents' and carers' views following a large measles outbreak

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Uptake rates for the combined measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine have been below the required 95% in the UK since a retracted and discredited article linking the MMR vaccine with autism and inflammatory bowel disease was released in 1998. This study undertook semi-structured telephone interviews among parents or carers of 47 unvaccinated measles cases who were aged between 13 months and 9 years, during a large measles outbreak in Merseyside. Results showed that concerns over the specific links with autism remain an important cause of refusal to vaccinate, with over half of respondents stating this as a reason. A quarter stated child illness during scheduled vaccination time, while other reasons included general safety concerns and access issues. Over half of respondents felt that more information or a discussion with a health professional would help the decision-making process, while a third stated improved access. There was clear support for vaccination among respondents when asked about current opinions regarding MMR vaccine. The findings support the hypothesis that safety concerns remain a major barrier to MMR vaccination, and also support previous evidence that experience of measles is an important determinant in the decision to vaccinate.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reasons for measles cases not being vaccinated with MMR: investigation into parents' and carers' views following a large measles outbreak

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example the trivalent measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR) (Harling et al, 2005; Le Menach et al, 2014; Cordeiro et al, 2015) has been highly successful for both measles and rubella reduction in many countries. Despite near eradication of both measles and rubella (Isaacs and Menser, 1990; Glass and Grenfell, 2004; Ueda, 2016), elimination of mumps has not been achieved and could be considered to be re-emerging, despite initial early success in reducing mumps cases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waning Immunity Is Associated with Periodic Large Outbreaks of Mumps: A Mathematical Modeling Study of Scottish Data

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vaccination programs for childhood diseases, such as measles, mumps and rubella have greatly contributed to decreasing the incidence and impact of those diseases. Nonetheless, despite long vaccination programmes across the world, mumps has not yet been eradicated in those countries: indeed, large outbreaks continue. For example, in Scotland large outbreaks occurred in 2004, 2005, and 2015, despite introducing the MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella) vaccine more than 20 years ago. There are indications that this vaccine-preventable disease is re-emerging in highly vaccinated populations. Here we investigate whether the resurgence of mumps is due to waning immunity, and further, could a booster dose be the solution to eradicate mumps or would it just extend the period of waning immunity? Using mathematical modeling we enhance a seasonally-structured disease model with four scenarios: no vaccination, vaccinated individuals protected for life, vaccinated individuals at risk of waning immunity, and introduction of measures to increase immunity (a third dose, or a better vaccine). The model is parameterised from observed clinical data in Scotland 2004–2015 and the literature. The results of the four scenarios are compared with observed clinical data 2004–2016. While the force of infection is relatively sensitive to the duration of immunity and the number of boosters undertaken, we conclude that periodic large outbreaks of mumps will be sustained for all except the second scenario. This suggests that the current protocol of two vaccinations is optimal in the sense that while there are periodic large outbreaks, the severity of cases in vaccinated individuals is less than in unvaccinated individuals, and the size of the outbreaks does not decrease sufficiently with a third booster to make economic sense. This recommendation relies on continuous efforts to maintain high levels of vaccination uptake.

show abstract

“…All included studies focus on changes in proportion of the eligible population covered over time, or differences in coverage between groups. Two studies with low risk of bias evaluated complex, multi-component campaigns to improve MMR uptake in a local population, although no evaluation of cost [ 60 , 61 ]. One other study evaluated offering MMR vaccine during home visits, but was at significant risk of bias [ 62 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination in England: a review of why business as usual is not enough to maintain coverage

Crocker-Buqué

Mounier-Jack

2018

BMC Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe vaccine system in England underwent radical changes in 2013 following the implementation of the Health and Social Care Act. There have since been multi-year decreases in coverage of many vaccines. Healthcare professionals have reported finding the new system fragmented and challenging. This study aims to produce a logic model of the new system and evaluate the available evidence for interventions to improve coverage.MethodsWe undertook qualitative document analysis to develop the logic model using process evaluation methods. We performed a systematic review by searching 12 databases with a broad search strategy to identify interventions studied in England conducted between 2006 and 2016 and evaluated their effectiveness. We then compared the evidence base to the logic model.ResultsWe analysed 83 documents and developed a logic model describing the core inputs, processes, activities, outputs, outcomes and impacts of the new vaccination system alongside the programmatic assumptions for each stage. Of 9,615 unique articles, we screened 624 abstracts, 45 full-text articles, and included 16 studies: 8 randomised controlled trials and 8 quasi-experimental studies. Four studies suggest that modifications to the contracting and incentive systems can increase coverage, but changes to other programme inputs (e.g. human or capital resources) were not evaluated. Four multi-component intervention studies modified activities and outputs from within a GP practice to increase coverage, but were part of campaigns or projects. Thus, many potentially modifiable factors relating to routine programme implementation remain unexplored. Reminder/recall systems are under-studied in England; incentive payments to adolescents may be effective; and only two studies evaluated carer information.ConclusionsThe evidence base for interventions to increase immunisation coverage in the new system in England are limited by a small number of studies and by significant risk of bias. Several areas important to primary care remain unexplored as targets for interventions, especially modification to organisational management.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-6228-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Increased measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine uptake in the context of a targeted immunisation campaign during a measles outbreak in a vaccine-reluctant community in England

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Reasons for measles cases not being vaccinated with MMR: investigation into parents' and carers' views following a large measles outbreak

Reasons for measles cases not being vaccinated with MMR: investigation into parents' and carers' views following a large measles outbreak

Waning Immunity Is Associated with Periodic Large Outbreaks of Mumps: A Mathematical Modeling Study of Scottish Data

Vaccination in England: a review of why business as usual is not enough to maintain coverage

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About