Increased levels of serum granzyme-B is associated with insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular risk in adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome patients

Öztaş, Efser; Özler, Sibel; Tokmak, Aytekin; Yılmaz, Nafiye; Çelik, Hüseyin; Kazancı, Fatmanur Hacıevliyagil; Danışman, Nuri; Ergin, Merve; Yakut, Halil İbrahim

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.01.009

Cited by 22 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Ten of the included studies showed that the prevalence of MetS in adolescents with PCOS varied from 4.08 to 60.78%. Three studies presented a significantly higher prevalence of MetS in PCOS patients than controls [16,20,22]; four studies also presented a moderately higher prevalence of MetS in PCOS patients than controls [17,19,21,24]; the P value was not mentioned in the remaining 3 studies [18,23,26]. Therefore, the results of the meta-analysis of 10 studies with a fixed-effect model showed that the risk of MetS was more than three times higher in adolescents with PCOS than in adolescents without PCOS (OR 3.32, 95% CI [2.14, 5.14]), with low statistical heterogeneity (I 2 = 0%, P = 0.674) (Fig.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Metabolic Syndrome In Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Table S1 presents the characteristics of the included studies, and Table S2 presents the quality of the included studies using the NOS. Of 12 articles, ten studies [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] compared the prevalence of MetS in adolescents with PCOS and controls, and the other 2 studies [25,26] compared all the components of MetS in adolescents with PCOS and controls. Eleven articles were case-control studies, and the other one was a prospective cohort study.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Xie

et al. 2022

Reprod. Sci.

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The association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is not widely recognized or properly assessed in adolescents. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to provide reliable results concerning MetS development in adolescents with PCOS. We searched studies published in PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science from January 2010 to December 2020. The quality of studies was assessed by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS), and the data analysis was performed with Stata 14.0. Twelve articles were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results suggested that adolescents with PCOS have more than three times the odds of having MetS than controls (OR 3.32, 95% CI [2.14, 5.14]). Obese adolescents with PCOS also had a higher risk of MetS than those with obesity but without PCOS (OR 3.97, 95% CI [1.49, 10.53]). Compared to those without PCOS, systolic blood pressure was higher in adolescents with PCOS (weighted mean difference (WMD) 3.85, 95% CI [1.73, 5.97]), while diastolic blood pressure was higher only in girls with PCOS who had a normal weight (WMD 3.52, 95% CI [1.57, 5.48]). The levels of triglycerides were higher in obese adolescents with PCOS than in those with obesity but without PCOS (WMD 27.84, 95% CI [10.16, 45.51]). PCOS could increase the frequency of MetS by influencing blood pressure and lipid metabolism independent of obesity as early as the adolescent period. Thus, clinicians should perform early interventions in adolescents with PCOS and follow up the relevant indicators of MetS to decrease the risk of poor long-term prognosis.

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Section: Prevalence Of Metabolic Syndrome In Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Xie

et al. 2022

Reprod. Sci.

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“…59 Oztas et al conducted a casecontrol study involving 172 adolescents and found that elevated serum GZMB levels could help predict cardiovascular risk and insulin resistance in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. 60 The level of GZMB or the number of GZMB-expressing cells can be considered as biomarkers or predictors of disease occurrence. Kim et al studied changes in intestinal inflammation-related gene expression in patients with Crohn's disease using RNA microarrays.…”

Section: Gzmb and Elimination Of Viruses Or Virus-infected Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual roles of granzyme B

Wang

Huang

et al. 2021

Scand J Immunol

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Granzymes are important factors secreted by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells. The family of human granzymes consists of five members, namely granzyme A, granzyme B (GZMB), granzyme H, granzyme K and granzyme M. As GZMB exerts a robust killing effect on tumours, it has garnered considerable attention. Currently, other cells in addition to CTLs and NK cells are known to produce GZMB in the presence of inducing factors or in specific environments, including TIM-3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs), 1 B lymphocytes, 2-4 plasma cells, 5 myeloid-derived suppressor cells, 6 macrophages, 7 mast cells, 8-10 basophils, 11 chondrocytes, 12 polymorphonuclear neutrophils, 13 CD4 + helper T cells, 14 neutrophils, 15 monocytes, 16 retinal pigment epithelial cells, 10 keratinocytes 17 and mesenchymal-like androgen-repressed human prostate cancer cells. 18 The diversity of GZMB-secreting cells may contribute to the complexity of GZMB functions; therefore, a comprehensive understanding of GZMB is extremely important for conducting extensive research on the innovative application of GZMB. | RELATIONSHIP AMONG PERFORIN (PRF1), GRANULYSIN (GNLY) AND GZMBPRF1, GNLY and GZMB are important molecules secreted by CTLs and NK cells that function synergistically to exert a killing effect. Studies conducted by Dotiwala et al have revealed that PRF1, GNLY and GZMB gain entry into cells

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“…Newer putative surrogate markers of subclinical atherosclerosis were investigated in PCOS adolescents. Augmented levels of vascular cell adhesion protein 1 (VCAM-1) reflecting endothelial dysfunction, and hsCRP, a known marker of inflammation [72], granzyme B [73], a cytotoxic molecule produced by activated atherogenic CD4+CD28null T cells, and antioxidant thiols [74] were observed. Conversely, no significant difference in serum copeptin, a C-terminal part of the precursor pre-provasopressin and pentraxin 3, an inflammatory mediator, levels [75] were noted.…”

Section: Global Journal Of Reproductive Medicinementioning

confidence: 99%

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2017

GJORM

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy which affects women in reproductive age and is prominently associated with anovulatory infertility. This syndrome is a complex, heterogenous condition with classic manifestations being menstrual irregularities, hirsutism, acne, obesity, insulin resistance, raised LH: FSH ratio and the presence of bulky polycystic ovaries on ultrasound imaging. These women are more susceptible to developing both metabolic and gynecological anomalies including glucose intolerance, dyslipidemias, hypertension, type 2 diabetes Mellitus, and cardiovascular disorders along with endometrial and ovarian cancer. The metabolic milieu in combination with their obesity status and hormonal makeup increases the susceptibility of women with PCOS to critical cardiovascular events in future years. The disparities in CVD outcomes documented may be attributed to the differences in incidence of surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease in women with PCOS showing ethnic and phenotypic variability. The onset of cardiometabolic derangements may manifest in adolescence itself and early diagnosis and monitoring of markers of cardiovascular disease should be emphasized early on to prevent severe long term consequences.

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Increased levels of serum granzyme-B is associated with insulin resistance and increased cardiovascular risk in adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome patients

Cited by 22 publications

References 38 publications

The Association Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The Association Between Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Dual roles of granzyme B

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