Increased levels of lipid hydroperoxides in the parkinsonian substantia nigra: An HPLC and ESR study

Dexter, David T.; Holley, Anne E.; Flitter, William D.; Slater, T. F.; Wells, F. Raymund; Daniel, Susan E.; Lees, Andrew J.; Jenner, Peter; Marsden, C. David

doi:10.1002/mds.870090328

Cited by 86 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

102

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The presence of oxidative stress and inflammatory activity is one of the significant pathological features of PD (Dexter et al, 1994;Hirsch et al, 1998). It has been shown that the levels of cytokines such as TNF-, IL-1 and IFN-are elevated by 7-to 15-fold in the SN of PD patients (Mogi et al, 1994;Hirsch et al, 1998).…”

Section: Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microglia, major player in the brain inflammation: their roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease

Kim

Joh²

2006

Exp Mol Med

583

450

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Inflammation, a self-defensive reaction against various pathogenic stimuli, may become harmful self-damaging process. Increasing evidence has linked chronic inflammation to a number of neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis. In the central nervous system, microglia, the resident innate immune cells play major role in the inflammatory process. Although they form the first line of defense for the neural parenchyma, uncontrolled activation of microglia may directly toxic to neurons by releasing various substances such as inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6), NO, PGE2, and superoxide. Moreover, our recent study demonstrated that activated microglia phagocytose not only damaged cell debris but also neighboring intact cells. It further supports their active participation in self-perpetuating neuronal damaging cycles. In the following review, we discuss microglial responses to damaging neurons, known activators released from injured neurons and how microglia cause neuronal degeneration. In the last part, microglial activation and their role in PD are discussed in depth.

show abstract

Section: Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microglia, major player in the brain inflammation: their roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease

Kim

Joh²

2006

Exp Mol Med

583

450

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Over accumulation and post translational modification of αSyn results in death of dopaminergic neurons [41][42]. Besides this increased lipid peroxidation, as well as oxidative DNA and protein damage is observed in substantia nigra [the brain area] that plays a major role in the development of Parkinson's disease [43][44][45].…”

Section: Oxidative Stress and Neurodegenerative Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free Radicals, Antioxidants and Disease

Sharma¹

2014

Biol Med (Aligarh)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Living cells continually generate free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the respiratory chain during energetic metabolism. ROS can either be harmful or play important physiological roles in our body. Besides being produced during normal cell metabolism there are numerous exogenous factors, such as irradiation by UV light, X-rays, gamma-rays, and atmospheric pollutants which may lead to generation of ROS. Human body has various intrinsic mechanisms to counteract oxidative stress by producing antioxidants, or through externally derived foods and/or supplements. However whenever there is excess of free radicals their accumulation in the body generates a phenomenon called oxidative stress. As we age, this oxidative and/or nitrosative damages elicit a number of late-onset diseases after ROS/RNS accumulate to certain levels. The ROS/RNS-mediated late-onset diseases can occur in any system of the body and may lead to clinical conditions such as cancer, arthritis arteriosclerosis, and neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress is marked with expression of specific biomarkers whose specificity towards the various disease condition needs validation. In this review, we summarize the source, balance, maintenance and physiological functions of ROS, and its toxic mechanisms underlying a number of diseases and also the biomarkers implicated in selected human diseases.

show abstract

“…Some of these redox-dependent changes may also arise in part as a downstream consequence of increased oxidative stress, as PD cybrids show enhanced rates of peroxide formation, decreased glutathione, and increased protein oxidation despite the presence of a presumably compensatory increase in antioxidant enzyme activities (19,31,91,138). Recapitulation of oxidative stress in PD cybrid lines is of particular interest as oxidative stress occurs in the brains and peripheral tissues of PD subjects (25,27,53,75,110,111). The PD cybrid model therefore implicates a specific potential source for the oxidative stress that is observed in this disease.…”

Section: Pd Cybrid Modeling Of Other Pd-associated Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Mitochondrial DNA Play a Role in Parkinson's Disease? A Review of Cybrid and Other Supportive Evidence

Swerdlow

2012

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Significance: Mitochondria are currently believed to play an important role in the neurodysfunction and neurodegeneration that underlie Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent Advances: While it increasingly appears that mitochondrial dysfunction in PD can have different causes, it has been proposed that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may account for or drive mitochondrial dysfunction in the majority of the cases. If correct, the responsible mtDNA signatures could represent acquired mutations, inherited mutations, or population-distributed polymorphisms. Critical Issues and Future Directions: This review discusses the case for mtDNA as a key mediator of PD, and especially focuses on data from studies of PD cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) cell lines. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 16, 950-964.

show abstract

Increased levels of lipid hydroperoxides in the parkinsonian substantia nigra: An HPLC and ESR study

Cited by 86 publications

References 1 publication

Microglia, major player in the brain inflammation: their roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease

Microglia, major player in the brain inflammation: their roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease

Free Radicals, Antioxidants and Disease

Does Mitochondrial DNA Play a Role in Parkinson's Disease? A Review of Cybrid and Other Supportive Evidence

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About