Increased levels of apolipoprotein E in the frontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia

Dean, Brian; Laws, Simon M.; Hone, Eugene; Taddei, Kevin; Scarr, Elizabeth; Thomas, Elizabeth A.; Harper, Clive; McClean, Catriona; Masters, Colin L.; Lautenschlager, Nicola T.; Gandy, Samuel E.; Martins, Ralph N.

doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00075-1

Cited by 42 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It has been shown that oligodendrocytes express the apolipoprotein transporters for lipids (Hu et al 2001;Navarro et al 2004) and transporters for glutamate (Schmitt et al 2002;Pitt et al 2003), apolipoproteins (Mahadik et al 2002;Dean et al 2003) and glutamate transporter (Matute et al 2005;Ohnuma et al 1998). Levels of all these transporters have been shown to be altered in post-mortem prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficit of pericapillary oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia

Vostrikov¹,

Orlovskaya²,

Na³

2008

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deficit of pericapillary oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia

Vostrikov¹,

Orlovskaya²,

Na³

2008

The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry

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“…In 2 previous studies of apoE expression in the major psychiatric disorders, apoE levels were higher in the prefrontal cortex (BA 9 and 46) in people with schizophrenia, 20,21 whereas apoE levels were increased in BA9 but decreased in BA 10 in a small series involving people with bipolar disorder. 21 Several possible reasons might account for the discrepancy between our data and that of the 2 previous studies.…”

Section: Apoe and Cholesterol Levels In People With Schizophrenia Andmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Our data do not support those of a previous study that reported a significant reduction in apoE levels in grey matter in rats treated with haloperidol. 20 Although animal studies are a necessary strategy, it is important to bear in mind differences to human physiology when translating research results. Specifically, rodents do not have the 3 common human allele variants for APOE (i.e., ε2, ε3, ε4), and this difference has an impact on apoE and cholesterol metabolism in rats.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19 Evidence also suggests that brain apoE levels are altered in people with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Specifically, Dean and colleagues 20 found increased apoE in BA 9 and 46, with no difference in BA 10 or the striatum in people with schizophrenia, whereas apoE was lower in BA 10 but higher in BA 9 and in the striatum in people with bipolar disorder. 21 Finally, a recent meta-analysis identified the APOE ε4 polymorphism as significantly associated with schizophrenia, 22 whereas the ε4 allele has also been linked to early onset bipolar disorder with psychotic symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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ApoE and cholesterol in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: comparison of grey and white matter and relation with APOE genotype

Vila‐Rodriguez¹

2011

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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47Background: Apolipoprotein E (apoE) and cholesterol play a critical role in synapse and myelin maintenance and integrity and are thus appealing candidates in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. To explore the role of these 2 molecules, we quantified cholesterol and apoE levels in prefrontal grey and white matter in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and healthy controls. Furthermore, we investigated the relations between apoE and cholesterol levels and the APOE genotype. Methods: We obtained dorsolateral prefrontal grey and white matter from the Stanley Medical Research Institute Brain Collection (schizophrenia n = 35, bipolar disorder n = 35 and controls n = 35). Cholesterol levels were quantified using high-pressure liquid chromatography, whereas apoE was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: We found no significant differences in cholesterol or apoE levels among the groups. ApoE levels were higher in grey matter than in white matter in all groups; conversely, levels of cholesterol were higher in white matter than in grey matter. We observed a significant inverse correlation between apoE and cholesterol levels in both grey and white matter. Furthermore, in grey matter, apoE levels were significantly higher in APOE ε2 carriers compared with APOE ε3 or APOE ε4 carriers, with cholesterol levels following the opposite trend. Limitations: Limitations of our study include our inability to control for poten tial confounding variables and the small numbers of APOE ε2 and ε4 carriers in each group. Conclusion: Although large amounts of cholesterol are present in white matter, apoE expression is limited. The APOE genotype may play a role in the regulation of both cholesterol and apoE levels in grey matter. The impact of APOE polymorphisms on lipid homeostasis in people with psychiatric disorders warrants further investigation.

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“…ApoD has also been suggested as a region-specific marker for pathology [5,6,[14][15][16] . Three different apolipoproteins, ApoD, apolipoprotein E (ApoE), and apolipoprotein L (ApoL), have been shown to be regulated or altered in the brains of subjects with schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder [5,17,18] . ApoE is most widely known for its association with Alzheimer's disease [19,20] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Association between <i>Apolipoprotein D</i> and Schizophrenia

Li¹,

Duan²,

Duan³

et al. 2006

Neuropsychobiology

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Schizophrenia is a severe, chronic and common complex debilitating mental illness with a large genetic component. Evidence to date suggests that apolipoprotein D protein may be closely related to schizophrenia. To investigate the role of the APOD gene in the etiology of schizophrenia, we genotyped three genetic polymorphisms (rs7659, rs2280520 and rs4677695) in a case-control study using subjects from the Chinese population, and altogether 425 cases and 473 controls were analyzed in the study. However, we found no significant discrepancies in allele and genotype frequencies of the three polymorphisms nor in the haplotype distribution between the cases and the controls. Our data indicate no direct evidence of association between schizophrenia and the APOD gene, and the results suggest that the three genetic polymorphisms within the APOD gene are unlikely to confer increased susceptibility to the illness in the Chinese population.

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Increased levels of apolipoprotein E in the frontal cortex of subjects with schizophrenia

Cited by 42 publications

References 38 publications

Deficit of pericapillary oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia

Deficit of pericapillary oligodendrocytes in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia

ApoE and cholesterol in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: comparison of grey and white matter and relation with APOE genotype

Analysis of the Association between <i>Apolipoprotein D</i> and Schizophrenia

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