Increased killer B cells in chronic HCV infection may lead to autoimmunity and increased viral load

Eiza, Nasren; Zuckerman, Elimelech; Carlebach, Matthias; Rainis, Tova; Goldberg, Yair; Vadasz, Zahava

doi:10.1111/cei.13139

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…FasL + Bregs have been detected upon in vitro infection with Epstein–Barr virus and in patients with filarial parasites or HIV infections ( 475 – 477 ). In these circumstances, FasL + Bregs can also induce the apoptosis of cytotoxic CD8 + T cells, which can correlate with a reduced control of the infection ( 478 , 479 ). The targets of FasL + B cells are not restricted to T cells, as shown in a murine model of Trypanosoma infection, where a “fratricide” killing of parasite-specific B cells has been described ( 480 , 481 ).…”

Section: Suppressive Mechanisms Of Bregs By Cell Surface-expressed Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Regulatory B Cells

et al. 2021

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Regulatory B cells (Bregs) is a term that encompasses all B cells that act to suppress immune responses. Bregs contribute to the maintenance of tolerance, limiting ongoing immune responses and reestablishing immune homeostasis. The important role of Bregs in restraining the pathology associated with exacerbated inflammatory responses in autoimmunity and graft rejection has been consistently demonstrated, while more recent studies have suggested a role for this population in other immune-related conditions, such as infections, allergy, cancer, and chronic metabolic diseases. Initial studies identified IL-10 as the hallmark of Breg function; nevertheless, the past decade has seen the discovery of other molecules utilized by human and murine B cells to regulate immune responses. This new arsenal includes other anti-inflammatory cytokines such IL-35 and TGF-β, as well as cell surface proteins like CD1d and PD-L1. In this review, we examine the main suppressive mechanisms employed by these novel Breg populations. We also discuss recent evidence that helps to unravel previously unknown aspects of the phenotype, development, activation, and function of IL-10-producing Bregs, incorporating an overview on those questions that remain obscure.

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Section: Suppressive Mechanisms Of Bregs By Cell Surface-expressed Moleculesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Regulatory B Cells

et al. 2021

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“…Study has found that Breg cells played an immunosuppressive role in the pathogenesis of infection and could inhibit the effect of CD8 + T cells [24]. Breg cells also could inhibit liver inflammation by secreting IL-10 and could abrogate the viral-specific CD8 + T cell responses [25]. Inoue et al [26] found that IL-10 produced by B lymphocytes inhibited the ability of CD8 + T cells to kill tumor cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Regulatory B Cells in the Progression of Cervical Cancer

Chen

Zhu

et al. 2019

Mediators of Inflammation

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This study is to investigate the role of regulatory B (Breg) cells in cervical cancer. In total, 70 cases of cervical cancer, 52 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and 40 normal controls were enrolled. The percentage of Breg cells was detected by flow cytometry. Serum levels of IL-10 were measured by ELISA. The correlation between Breg cells and the clinical characterizations of cervical cancer was analyzed. The inhibition effect of Breg cells on CD8+ T cells was tested by blocking IL-10 in vitro. The percentage of CD19+CD5+CD1d+ Breg cells and the level of IL-10 of patients with cervical cancer or CIN were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). And the postoperative levels of Breg cells and IL-10 were significantly lower than the preoperative levels (P<0.05). Breg cells and the IL-10 level were positively correlated in cervical cancer patients (r=0.516). In addition, the Breg cell percentage was closely related to the FIGO stages, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation, HPV infection, and the tumor metastasis of cervical cancer (P<0.05). The Breg cell percentage was negatively correlated with CD8+ T cells of cervical cancer patients (r=‐0.669). The level of IL-10 in the culture supernatant of Bregs treated with CpG was significantly higher than that of non-Bregs (P<0.05). After coculture with Bregs, the quantity of CD8+ T cells to secrete perforin and Granzyme B was significantly decreased, and this effect was reversed after blocking IL-10 by a specific antibody. Breg cells are elevated in cervical cancer and associated with disease progression and metastasis. Moreover, they can inhibit the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells.

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“…Eiza et al., showed an increased in IL-10 producing B-regs in chronic HBV patients, when compared to healthy controls and these cells were able to dampen down HBV-specific CD8+ T cell responses ( 138 ). A subset of B-reg cells that express high levels of CD5, CD1d and IgD are thought to be responsible for IL-10 production by B cells ( 136 , 138 ). CD5+ B-regs produce IL-10 upon activation and correlate with poor virus elimination ( 138 ).…”

Section: B Cells In Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A subset of B-reg cells that express high levels of CD5, CD1d and IgD are thought to be responsible for IL-10 production by B cells ( 136 , 138 ). CD5+ B-regs produce IL-10 upon activation and correlate with poor virus elimination ( 138 ).…”

Section: B Cells In Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…IL-10 producing B-reg cells are another subset of regulatory B cells that are enriched in HBV and HCV patients, which may contribute to viral persistence (71,121,(136)(137)(138). Eiza et al, showed an increased in IL-10 producing B-regs in chronic HBV patients, when compared to healthy controls and these cells were able to dampen down HBV-specific CD8+ T cell responses (138). A subset of B-reg cells that express high levels of CD5, CD1d and IgD are thought to be responsible for IL-10 production by B cells (136,138).…”

Section: Viral Hepatitismentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of B Cells in Adult and Paediatric Liver Injury

et al. 2021

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B lymphocytes are multitasking cells that direct the immune response by producing pro- or anti-inflammatory cytokines, by presenting processed antigen for T cell activation and co-stimulation, and by turning into antibody-secreting cells. These functions are important to control infection in the liver but can also exacerbate tissue damage and fibrosis as part of persistent inflammation that can lead to end stage disease requiring a transplant. In transplantation, immunosuppression increases the incidence of lymphoma and often this is of B cell origin. In this review we bring together information on liver B cell biology from different liver diseases, including alcohol-related and metabolic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary and primary sclerosing cholangitis, viral hepatitis and, in infants, biliary atresia. We also discuss the impact of B cell depletion therapy in the liver setting. Taken together, our analysis shows that B cells are important in the pathogenesis of liver diseases and that further research is necessary to fully characterise the human liver B cell compartment.

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Increased killer B cells in chronic HCV infection may lead to autoimmunity and increased viral load

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Regulatory B Cells

Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Regulatory B Cells

Role of Regulatory B Cells in the Progression of Cervical Cancer

The Role of B Cells in Adult and Paediatric Liver Injury

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