Increased iron accumulation occurs in the earliest stages of demyelinating disease: an ultra-high field susceptibility mapping study in Clinically Isolated Syndrome

Al-Radaideh, Ali; Wharton, Samuel; Lim, Su-Yin; Tench, Christopher R.; Morgan, Paul S.; Bowtell, Richard; Constantinescu, Cris S.; Gowland, Penny A.

doi:10.1177/1352458512465135

Cited by 88 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Some array coils have a transceive part that could be used in place of a body coil, although this will generally not be very homogeneous, and will introduce B 1 + phase inhomogeneity into the combined image, an effect visible in Figure 2 and seen in other studies (eg, Fig. 1 in 43). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Combining phase images from array coils using a short echo time reference scan (COMPOSER)

Robinson

Dymerska

Bogner

et al. 2015

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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PurposeTo develop a simple method for combining phase images from multichannel coils that does not require a reference coil and does not entail phase unwrapping, fitting or iterative procedures.Theory and MethodsAt very short echo time, the phase measured with each coil of an array approximates to the phase offset to which the image from that coil is subject. Subtracting this information from the phase of the scan of interest matches the phases from the coils, allowing them to be combined. The effectiveness of this approach is quantified in the brain, calf and breast with coils of diverse designs.ResultsThe quality of phase matching between coil elements was close to 100% with all coils assessed even in regions of low signal. This method of phase combination was similar in effectiveness to the Roemer method (which needs a reference coil) and was superior to the rival reference‐coil‐free approaches tested.ConclusionThe proposed approach—COMbining Phase data using a Short Echo‐time Reference scan (COMPOSER)—is a simple and effective approach to reconstructing phase images from multichannel coils. It requires little additional scan time, is compatible with parallel imaging and is applicable to all coils, independent of configuration. Magn Reson Med 77:318–327, 2017. © 2015 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Combining phase images from array coils using a short echo time reference scan (COMPOSER)

Robinson

Dymerska

Bogner

et al. 2015

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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show abstract

“…The chosen structures were the globus pallidus (GP), putamen (PU), caudate nucleus (CN), thalamus (TH), and pulvinar part of the thalamus (PV). For each region, the x I value relative to the surrounding WM was based on recent literature (7,8,41): GP ¼ 0.15 ppm, PU ¼ 0.05 ppm; CN ¼ 0.05 ppm; TH ¼ 0.00 ppm; PV ¼ 0.03 ppm. Only isotropic susceptibility effects were considered because these iron-rich structures are not thought to exhibit strong anisotropy-or microstructure-related effects.…”

Section: Simulating Whole Brain Frequency Mapsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of white matter microstructure on phase and susceptibility maps

Wharton

Bowtell

2015

Magn. Reson. Med.

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Purpose: To investigate the effects on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and susceptibility tensor imaging (STI) of the frequency variation produced by the microstructure of white matter (WM). Methods: The frequency offsets in a WM tissue sample that are not explained by the effect of bulk isotropic or anisotropic magnetic susceptibility, but rather result from the local microstructure, were characterized for the first time. QSM and STI were then applied to simulated frequency maps that were calculated using a digitized whole-brain, WM model formed from anatomical and diffusion tensor imaging data acquired from a volunteer. In this model, the magnitudes of the frequency contributions due to anisotropy and microstructure were derived from the results of the tissue experiments. Results: The simulations suggest that the frequency contribution of microstructure is much larger than that due to bulk effects of anisotropic magnetic susceptibility. In QSM, the microstructure contribution introduced artificial WM heterogeneity. For the STI processing, the microstructure contribution caused the susceptibility anisotropy to be significantly overestimated. Conclusion: Microstructure-related phase offsets in WM yield artifacts in the calculated susceptibility maps. If susceptibility mapping is to become a robust MRI technique, further research should be carried out to reduce the confounding effects of microstructure-related frequency contributions.

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“…In the study by Al-Radaideh et al, high-field strength 7 T MRI was used together with T2*-weighted acquisition and postprocessing of data for mapping magnetic susceptibility in 19 patients with CIS and 20 age-matched controls [6]. The acquired data were processed to produce susceptibility-weighted images that were analyzed to detect the accumulation of iron.…”

Section: Summary Of Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MRI studies on clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), which is the initial presentation of symptoms associated with a high probability of developing into definite MS, have yielded conflicting results relative to the accumulation of iron [3][4][5]. Al-Radaideh et al have utilized a MRI technique with enhanced sensitivity over other procedures to study the deposition of iron in CIS [6].…”

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confidence: 99%

Iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis: an early pathogenic event

Levine

Bilgen

Lynch

2013

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

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Increased iron accumulation occurs in the earliest stages of demyelinating disease: an ultra-high field susceptibility mapping study in Clinically Isolated Syndrome

Abstract: CIS patients showed an increased iron accumulation, as measured using susceptibility mapping of the deep grey matter, suggesting that iron changes did occur at the earlier stages of CIS disease.

Cited by 88 publications

References 33 publications

Combining phase images from array coils using a short echo time reference scan (COMPOSER)

Combining phase images from array coils using a short echo time reference scan (COMPOSER)

Effects of white matter microstructure on phase and susceptibility maps

Iron accumulation in multiple sclerosis: an early pathogenic event

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