Increased insulin sensitivity and decreased insulin secretion in offspring of insulin-sensitive type 2 diabetic patients

Matsumoto, Kazunari; Sakamaki, Hiroyuki; Izumino, Kiyohiro; Yano, Mototake; Ueki, Yukitaka; Miyake, Seibei; Tominaga, Yuko

doi:10.1053/meta.2000.8623

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Since the NFG/IGT subjects have a clearly lower ␤-cell function than the control group (NFG/NGT), it now becomes apparent that deterioration in ␤-cell function is a very early phenomenon to be observed in subjects with deterioration in glucose homeostasis. This has also been found in previous reports from our group and from others (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(15)(16)(17). At the same time, these subjects were obese and showed a diminished tissue insulin sensitivity compared with control subjects (NFG/NGT), as previously reported from studies in other IGT subjects (18).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Disturbances in β-Cell Function in Impaired Fasting Glycemia

et al. 2002

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In a cross-sectional study, we assessed ␤-cell function and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) with hyperglycemic clamps (10 mmol/l) in 24 subjects with impaired fasting glycemia (IFG, fasting plasma glucose [FPG] between 6.1 and 7.0 mmol/l), 15 type 2 diabetic subjects (FPG >7.0 mmol/l), and 280 subjects with normal fasting glycemia (NFG, FPG <6.1 mmol/l). First-phase insulin release (0 -10 min) was lower in IFG (geometric mean 541 pmol/l ⅐ 10 min; 95% confidence interval [CI] 416 -702 pmol/l ⅐ 10 min) and in type 2 diabetes (geometric mean 376 pmol/l ⅐ 10 min; 95% CI 247-572 pmol/l ⅐ 10 min) than NFG (geometric mean 814 pmol/l ⅐ 10 min; 95% CI 759 -873 pmol/l ⅐ 10 min) (P < 0.001). Secondphase insulin secretion (140 -180 min) was also lower in IFG (geometric mean 251 pmol/l; 95% CI 198 -318 pmol/l; P ‫؍‬ 0.026) and type 2 diabetes (geometric mean 157 pmol/l; 95% CI 105-235 pmol/l; P < 0.001) than NFG (geometric mean 295 pmol/l; 95% CI 276 -315 pmol/l). IFG and type 2 diabetic subjects had a lower ISI (0.15 ؎ 0.02 and 0.16 ؎ 0.02 mol/kg fat-free mass [FFM]/min/ pmol/l, respectively) than NFG (0.24 ؎ 0.01 mol/kg FFM/min/pmol/l, P < 0.05). We found a stepwise decline in first-phase (and second-phase) secretion in NFG subjects with progressive decline in oral glucose tolerance (P < 0.05). IFG subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) had lower first-phase secretion than NFG subjects with IGT (P < 0.02), with comparable second-phase secretion and ISI. NFG and IFG subjects with a diabetic glucose tolerance (2-h glucose >11.1 mmol/l) had a lower ISI than their respective IGT counterparts (P < 0.05). We conclude that the early stages of glucose intolerance are associated with disturbances in ␤-cell function, while insulin resistance is seen more markedly in later stages. Diabetes 51 (Suppl.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Disturbances in β-Cell Function in Impaired Fasting Glycemia

et al. 2002

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“…Previous investigations of the effect of familial diabetes on insulin secretion have produced inconsistent results [34][35][36], although a genetic influence on insulin secretion cannot be ruled out. No other variables were significant for insulin secretion in this cohort, although family history prevalence of diabetes was low, particularly in men, which may suggest underestimation of true family history.…”

Section: Comparisons With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Life course determinants of insulin secretion and sensitivity at age 50 years: the Newcastle thousand families study

Pearce

Unwin

Parker

et al. 2005

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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“…Increases in insulin content in individual β cells and enhanced insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues may offer explanations for the lack of overt diabetes in α 1D -/-mice. Similar phenotypes such as impaired glucose tolerance and enhanced insulin sensitivity are observed in the offspring of insulin-sensitive type 2 diabetes patients (44,45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

“…Animals were injected with 0.75 IU/kg body weight human insulin (Humulin regular; Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana, USA) into the peritoneal cavity. Blood glucose levels were measured immediately before and 15,30,45, and 60 minutes after the injection. Pancreatic insulin was extracted with acid ethanol for measuring extractable insulin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%