Increased Incidence of Premenstrual Syndrome in Females with Palmar Hyperhidrosis

Abstract

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common disorder affecting the quality of life of women of reproductive age. In a previous study, sex hormone imbalances and alterations in autonomic function were present in PMS, with parasympathetic dysfunction and sympathetic overactivity during the late luteal phase. Palmar hyperhidrosis (PH) presents with oversweating, heat and emotional stimulation, sympathetic hyperactivity and parasympathetic hypofunction. We hypothesized that the incidence of PMS is increased in females with PH. Methods: Data were retrieved from the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Database. The patients with PH were identified by the International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) disease code 780.8. Female patients matched by age and index day were used as the control group. The incidence of PMS was considered an outcome by the ICD-9-CM disease code 625.4. The factors related to PMS were analyzed by Cox regression. Results: The adjusted hazard ratio for the incidence of PMS was 1.276 (95% confidence interval: 1.05–1.488) in females with PH. Conclusions: This study found a positive correlation between PMS and female PH patients. Patients and physicians must understand the relationship of PMS with autonomic function alterations and other risk factors to prevent this problematic disorder.

Females with Diabetes Mellitus Increased the Incidence of Premenstrual Syndrome

“…The potential reason for this is DM with higher blood sugar carries a higher PMS risk. Patients with palmar hyperhidrosis carried a 1.375-fold higher risk than 1.276 in a past study [ 9 ]. The potential reason was that DM itself made some contributions to PMS.…”

“…Insulin levels rise and insulin sensitivity decreases with obesity [ 28 ]. A previous study found that obesity was associated with a 1.386 risk of PMS [ 9 ]. This study observed an increased 1.865 risk of PMS in the obesity population.…”

“…The first visit date of DM was defined as the index date. We found that PMS occurrence by ICD-9-CM disease codes of 625.4 was set as the event, as in a previous study [ 9 ]. The dates of the event were the date of PMS by diagnosis or the end date of this study on 31 December 2015.…”

“…Past studies found hypo-parasympathetic and sympathetic overactivity, and postural induced low baroreflex sensitivity, as well as higher low-frequency blood pressure variability in the late luteal phase [ 7 , 8 ]. A previous study found that palmar hyperhidrosis patients had an increased PMS incidence which may be related to autonomic dysfunction [ 9 ]. A change in eating habits increases the prevalence of DM at a young age.…”

Conscious Slower Breathing Predominates Parasympathetic Activity and Provides a Relaxing Effect, in Healthy Japanese Adult Women

“…Specifically, menstruation, pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause have a significant impact on hormone balance and the autonomic nervous system. Conscious breathing techniques may alleviate dysautonomia in women [8]. For example, it has been reported that attempting a slow breathing pattern (BP) increases parasympathetic activity and has an effective relaxing effect [9] among women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) or dysmenorrhea who have mental and physical stress symptoms, such as active sympathetic activity and difficulty in relaxing [9] [10].…”