Increased incidence of cardiac death attributed to acute myocardial infarction during winter

Ornato, Joseph P.; Siegel, Lewis; Craren, Edward J.; Nelson, Norman C.

doi:10.1097/00019501-199003000-00008

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…73 Seasonal and Other Variations A seasonal variation in the incidence of MI, cardiac death, and stroke is consistently described, with a winter peak up to 60% greater than the summer nadir. 74,75 The mechanisms underlying this variation, which holds true in both cold and warmer climates, are not fully understood. 76,77 Besides cold ambient temperature, hypotheses advanced include respiratory infections, hypercoagulable state, and increases in blood pressure, serum lipids, and glucose.…”

Section: Environmental Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggering of Acute Cardiovascular Disease and Potential Preventive Strategies

2006

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Section: Environmental Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triggering of Acute Cardiovascular Disease and Potential Preventive Strategies

2006

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“…[31][32][33] Two approaches appear to be possible in overcoming the limitation of obtaining first hand historical data on the event preceding sudden cardiac death. 34 First, patients successfully resuscitated from sudden cardiac death may be interviewed in order to evaluate possible triggering events of the disease similar to the method used on studies on the Vascular Medicine 1999; 4: [41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49] triggering of non-fatal myocardial infarction. To include a sufficient number of subjects in such studies, it is necessary to monitor the rescue services in a large area.…”

Section: Physical Exertionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian variation and triggering of cardiovascular events

Willich

1999

Vasc Med

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Myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death demonstrate a marked circadian variation with an increased risk during the morning after awakening and arising. The recognition of the morning increase of acute cardiovascular events has convinced many that they may be triggered by morning activities. It is of note, however, that cardiovascular events occur throughout the day -even if at lower frequency compared with the morning.There is a strong association between external triggers and the onset of myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death beyond what is to be expected by chance alone. The magnitude of this association (relative risk two-to threefold) is comparable with the known long-term risk factors of cardiac disease. Trigger factors occur relatively frequently and may play a causative role in up to 20% of cases of acute coronary syndromes. Physical exertion, bursts of anger and sexual activity have been proved to have triggering potential. Other possible triggers include external and environmental events such as earthquakes, war threat and climatic factors.The pathophysiological links between external triggers and the onset of cardiovascular events are important in addressing the question of a causal relationship between triggers and disease onset and in perhaps improving preventive strategies.

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“…Also, in the studies by Heyer and Kloner, MI was more in the warm season (16,21), but in most of the studies, MI was observed in winter. Xu et al, in a study conducted in China reported that 30% to 50% of MIs occurred in winter (12); the studies by Spencer in America (19), Daei in Qazvin, Iran (13), Jahanbakhsh in Ahar, Iran, (7) and Oranto et al, (29) also indicated that MI mostly occurred in winter. Marchant et al, believed that ambient temperature had an important role in the acute MI pathogenesis (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%