Increased immunoglobulin A in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: exploring the response of B cells to Toll-like receptor 9 activation

Massonnet, Benoit; Delwail, Adriana; Ayrault, J.-M.; Chagneau‐Derrode, Carine; Lecron, Jean‐Claude; Silvain, Christine

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.04004.x

Cited by 51 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Decompensated cirrhotic patients exhibited increased IgG levels in all etiologies, but alcoholic cirrhotic patients specifically exhibited a more profound elevation of IgA (HCV vs ALC, CIR comp , P = 0.0006, and CIR decomp , P = 0.0005). We postulate that TLR9 signaling may be the dominant driver of IgA class switching as previously reported . It is unlikely that alcohol itself drives Ig production or IgA class switching because patients with advanced non‐cirrhotic alcoholics, chronic pancreatitis did not manifest IgG or IgA elevations (IgG: 1176 ± 256.5, IgA: 238.1 ± 75.1, and IgM: 107.1 ± 28, n = 10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Enhanced B‐cell differentiation driven by advanced cirrhosis resulting in hyperglobulinemia

Doi

Hayashi

Arai

et al. 2018

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Enhanced B‐cell differentiation driven by advanced cirrhosis resulting in hyperglobulinemia

Doi

Hayashi

Arai

et al. 2018

J of Gastro and Hepatol

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“…In humans, serum IgA is reported to have both anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory roles [15], which could play a part in the pathogenesis of liver disease such as ALD. A recent report also showed that Toll-like receptor priming of B cells could account for the elevation of serum IgA in alcoholic liver cirrhosis patients [16]. On the other hand, there have been previous reports of increased serum IgA concentrations in diabetic patients [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Serum Immunoglobulin A Concentration Is an Independent Predictor of Liver Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Before the Cirrhotic Stage

et al. 2011

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“…demonstrated that altered Fc alpha R expression in monocytes leads to receptor saturation and increases the absolute level of IgA and IgA immune complex, due to defective clearance in alcoholic cirrhosis. Massonnet et al 74. demonstrated that enhanced IgA production by CpG led to activation of B cells in alcoholic liver cirrhosis, compared to the mechanism observed in healthy donors, and this was due to the intrinsic ability of these cells to produce more IgA.…”

Section: Immunological Dysfunction In Cirrhosismentioning

confidence: 98%

Immune Dysfunction in Cirrhosis

Noor¹,

Manoria²

2017

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology

117

105

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Cirrhosis due to any etiology disrupts the homeostatic role of liver in the body. Cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction leads to alterations in both innate and acquired immunity, due to defects in the local immunity of liver as well as in systemic immunity. Cirrhosis-associated immune dysfunction is a dynamic phenomenon, comprised of both increased systemic inflammation and immunodeficiency, and is responsible for 30% mortality. It also plays an important role in acute as well as chronic decompensation. Immune paralysis can accompany it, which is characterized by increase in antiinflammatory cytokines and suppression of proinflammatory cytokines. There is also presence of increased gut permeability, reduced gut motility and altered gut flora, all of which leads to increased bacterial translocation. This increased bacterial translocation and consequent endotoxemia leads to increased blood stream bacterial infections that cause systemic inflammatory response syndrome, sepsis, multiorgan failure and death. The gut microbiota of cirrhotic patients has more pathogenic microbes than that of noncirrhotic individuals, and this disturbs the homeostasis and favors gut translocation. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of such infections are necessary for better survival. We have reviewed the various mechanisms of immune dysfunction and its consequences in cirrhosis. Recognizing the exact pathophysiology of immune dysfunction will help treating clinicians in avoiding its complications in their patients and can lead to newer therapeutic interventions and reducing the morbidity and mortality rates. Citation of this article: Noor MT, Manoria P. Immune dysfunction in cirrhosis.

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Increased immunoglobulin A in alcoholic liver cirrhosis: exploring the response of B cells to Toll-like receptor 9 activation

Abstract: Summary Alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) is characterized by increased circulating levels of immunoglobulins (Igs).

Cited by 51 publications

References 43 publications

Enhanced B‐cell differentiation driven by advanced cirrhosis resulting in hyperglobulinemia

Enhanced B‐cell differentiation driven by advanced cirrhosis resulting in hyperglobulinemia

Serum Immunoglobulin A Concentration Is an Independent Predictor of Liver Fibrosis in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Before the Cirrhotic Stage

Immune Dysfunction in Cirrhosis

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