Increased Human Papillomavirus Infection With The Increasing Number Of Pregnancies In Indian Women

Gopalkrishna, Varanasi; Murthy, N S; Sharma, Jyoti; Roy, Meera; Dk, Das; Luthra, Usha K.; Das, Bhudev C.

doi:10.1093/infdis/171.1.254

Cited by 24 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The level of sex steroid hormones, particularly progesterone and estrogens that are increased during later half of pregnancy, are also known to directly influence viral replication and viral gene expression through their effects on viral regulatory elements (40)(41)(42). Therefore pregnancy appears to be a potential risk factor for enhanced viral replication/ expression and along with this extremely low immunity in Indian/Asian pregnant women, a vast majority of whom suffer from malnutrition and folate deficiency (43), which also contribute to liver injury, low immunity, and disease severity, leading to death (see Figure 8).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Suppression of NF-kBp65 in Hepatitis Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Manifesting Severe Liver Damage and High Mortality

Prusty

Hedau

Singh

et al. 2007

Mol Med

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Fulminant hepatitis in Asian pregnant women is generally caused by hepatitis E virus infection, and extremely high mortality is most common in them. Decreased cell-mediated immunity is considered a major cause of death in these cases, but what exactly influences decreased immunity and high mortality specifically during pregnancy is not known. We used electrophoretic mobility shift assays, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical analysis to study the expression and DNA binding activity of NF-kB p50 and NF-kB p65 in pregnant fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) patients and compared them with their nonpregnant counterparts. In both PBMC and postmortem liver biopsy specimens the DNA-binding activity of NF-kB was very high in samples from pregnant FHF patients compared with those from nonpregnant women as well as pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis (AVH) without FHF. Further dissection of the NF-kB complex in supershift assays demonstrated complete absence of p65 in the NF-kB complex, which is formed by homodimerization of the p50 component in pregnant FHF patients. Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of p50 and p65 proteins both showed higher levels of p50 expression and a complete absence or a minimal expression of p65, indicating its nonparticipation in NF-kB-dependent transactivation in pregnant FHF patients. We suggest that the exclusion of p65 from the NF-kB transactivation complex seems to be a crucial step that may cause deregulated immunity and severe liver damage, leading to the death of the patient. Our findings provide a molecular basis, for developing novel therapeutic approaches.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective Suppression of NF-kBp65 in Hepatitis Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Manifesting Severe Liver Damage and High Mortality

Prusty

Hedau

Singh

et al. 2007

Mol Med

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“…In addition, the SPF1/2 primers also allowed detection of cutaneous HPV genotypes 3,4,5,8,27,32,37,65, and 71 (data not shown). Sequences of the 22-bp interprimer region were completely concordant with the published sequence for each of the HPV genotypes.…”

Section: Development Of a Novel Hpv Dna Detection Systemmentioning

confidence: 98%

Novel Short-Fragment PCR Assay for Highly Sensitive Broad-Spectrum Detection of Anogenital Human Papillomaviruses

Kleter

Doorn

Schegget

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Pathology

470

486

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A novel set of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers , designated SPF1 and SPF2 and located in the L1 region , was developed for universal detection of human papillomavirus (HPV). A short PCR fragment (SPF) of only 65 pb was synthesized. SPF amplimers were detected in a microtiter-based hybridization system , using a mixture of oligonucleotide probes. The SPF system allowed detection of at least 43 different HPV genotypes. The clinical performance of the novel SPF system was assessed in three different patient groups. 1) Analysis of 534 cervical scrapes , obtained from treated patients , showed that the detection rate in 447 (83.7%) scrapes with normal cytology was significantly higher using the SPF system as compared with the universal primer set GP5؉/6؉ (P < 0.001). 2) The SPF assay detected HPV DNA in 299 (98.4%) of 304 scrapes with cytological dyskaryosis. 3) The SPF system detected HPV DNA in 100% of 184 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cervical carcinoma specimens. In conclusion , the novel SPF system permitted universal and highly sensitive detection of HPV DNA in diverse clinical materials and may improve the molecular diagnosis and epidemiology of this important virus. (Am J Pathol 1998, 153:1731-1739)Cervical cancer is the second most important cause of cancer-related mortality in women after breast cancer, 1 annually affecting an estimated 500,000 women worldwide. 2 Smoking, age of first sexual contact, number of sexual partners, and immunological status have been identified as significant risk factors for cervical carcinoma. [3][4][5][6] Infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) also is considered to be an important risk factor. 7,8 HPV is an epitheliotropic virus and contains a circular doublestranded DNA genome of approximately 7900 bp. To date, at least 77 distinct HPV genotypes have been described that can be classified into a cutaneous and a mucosal group, as established by their associated clinical manifestations. 8 Among the mucosal genotypes that infect the anogenital tract, potentially high-risk HPV genotypes 16,18,31,33,35,39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 66, and 69 have been defined based on their prevalence in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and cervical carcinomas. 8 The HPV genotypes 6,11,34,40, 42, 43, 44, 53, 54, 55, 59, 61, 62, 67, 68, 71, and 74 are classified as putative low-risk factors. By definition, infection with high-risk HPV genotypes favors an increased risk for cancer. 9 -11 However, the distinction between high-risk and low-risk genotypes is a moot point as low-risk HPV genotypes have also been found in carcinomas. 9 As HPV cannot be cultured in vitro and serological assays are still ineffective, diagnosis of HPV injury is based on the use of molecular tools. Direct dot-spot detection and in situ hybridization assays have been described, 12,13 but these methods are tedious and appear to lack sensitivity and specificity. DNA amplification methods, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), permit more sensitive detection of the viral DNA. Besides type-specif...

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“…Meisels 7 , analisando 29.153 citologias de mulheres grávi-das, encontrou alterações citológicas compatíveis com infecção por HPV em 107 (7,3%) de 1.459 citologias obtidas na segunda metade da gestação, versus 850 (3%) de 27.694 citologias na primeira metade de gestação. Gopalkrishna et al 8 estudando material citológico de mulheres grávidas por meio da hibridização do DNA-HPV, observaram positividade para o HPV em 31 (50%) de 62 mulheres na segunda metade da gestação e em 13 (34,2%) das 38 mulheres grávidas com idade gestacional inferior a 20 semanas. Estas diferenças podem ser explicadas pela diminuição de função do sistema de defesa imunológica, devida aos altos níveis de estrógeno e progesterona, o que pode interferir no sistema regulatório da replicação viral 18 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Estes achados estão de acordo com os descritos por Murta et al 15 e Morrison et al 6 . Estes dados, no entanto, divergem dos descritos por Gopalkrishina et al 8 , que demonstraram maior freqüência da infecção pelo vírus com o aumento do número de gestações. Este achado se justificaria pelo início precoce da vida reprodutiva.…”

Section: Trichomonas Vaginalisunclassified

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Infecção pelo papilomavírus humano durante a gravidez: relação com achados citológicos

Murta¹,

Souza²,

Adad³

et al. 2001

Rev. Bras. Ginecol. Obstet.

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Increased Human Papillomavirus Infection With The Increasing Number Of Pregnancies In Indian Women

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Selective Suppression of NF-kBp65 in Hepatitis Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Manifesting Severe Liver Damage and High Mortality

Selective Suppression of NF-kBp65 in Hepatitis Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Manifesting Severe Liver Damage and High Mortality

Novel Short-Fragment PCR Assay for Highly Sensitive Broad-Spectrum Detection of Anogenital Human Papillomaviruses

Infecção pelo papilomavírus humano durante a gravidez: relação com achados citológicos

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