Increased Heat Production in a Poikilothermous Animal in Parasitism

Hurst, C. T.; Walker, Charles R.

doi:10.1086/280621

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…T h e selection of lower temperatures at times of immunological response was unexpected, and the significance of this direction of change warrants evaluation. The snail Lymnaea stagnalis appressa has an increased metabolic rate when infected by trematodes (Hurst & Walker, 1935) and B. glabrata infected with 5 . mansoni have higher heart rates than noninfected snails (Lee & Cheng, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal preferences of resistant and susceptible strains ofBiomphalaria glabrata(Gastropoda) exposed toschistosoma mansoni(Trematoda)

Lefcort

Bayne

1991

Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The thermal preferences of two strains of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, one resistant to, and one susceptible to, the parasite Schistosoma mansoni were determined in an aquatic thermal gradient. Snails were tested without exposure to the parasite, and 2 h and 5 weeks after exposure to trematode miracidia. The mean temperature selected by susceptible strain snails 2 h post-exposure tended to be lower than that of unexposed controls, although this was not statistically significant. In this strain, at 5 weeks post-exposure, the preferred temperature dropped by 1.9 +/- 0.5 degree C. The resistant strain displayed a significant drop of 1.8 +/- 0.6 degree C 2 h post-exposure. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that a drop in mean temperatures selected by snails is due to altered levels of endogenous cytokines such as IL-1 or TNF in association with parasite activation of the snail internal defense system.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal preferences of resistant and susceptible strains ofBiomphalaria glabrata(Gastropoda) exposed toschistosoma mansoni(Trematoda)

Lefcort

Bayne

1991

Parasitology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lettini & Sukhdeo (2010) determined that freshwater isopods Caecidotea communis (Say, 1818) infected with the fish parasite Acanthocephalus tehlequahensis Oetinger & Buckner, 1976 expended significantly more energy (>0.005 kJ • day"' ) on respiration than uninfected isopods (<0.002 kJ • day" ' ). Hurst & Walker (1935) found that the snail Lymnaea stagnalis appressa (Say, 1821) parasitized by larvae of the trematode Echinostoma revolutum (Fröhlich, 1802) had a heat output 2.7 times higher than that of unparasitized snails. In contrast, Duerr (1967) found that the metabolic activity of Lymnaea stagnalis appressa (Linnaeus, 1758) was reduced by digenetic trematodes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the bopyrid isopod Probopyrus pandalicola (Packard, 1879) (Isopoda, Bopyridae) on the survival time of the daggerblade grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio Holthuis, 1949 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) during starvation at two different temperatures

Sherman

Curran

2013

Crustac

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The daggerblade grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio Holthuis, 1949 is prevalent in estuaries along the East and Gulf coasts of the United States, and is an integral part of the estuarine food web. Probopyrus pandalicola (Packard, 1879) is a bopyrid isopod that parasitizes P. pugio and decreases the energy available to its host by feeding on the hemolymph of the shrimp. The parasite also causes female shrimp to be castrated. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Probopyrus pandalicola on the survival time of P. pugio during starvation at two different temperatures. The experiment was conducted between September 2009 and June 2012 at 20.0 ± O.irC and 25.0 ± 0.10°C. Three trials at each temperature were performed. For each trial, parasitized, deparasitized and unparasitized shrimp were randomly placed into individual aquaria in a temperature-controlled chamber. All trials lasted until 100% shrimp mortality occurred. The bopyrid isopod did have a significant effect on shrimp survival times, but only at the higher temperature during which parasitized shrimp survived a significantly shorter amount of time (21.8 ± 6.93 days) than unparasitized shrimp (25.2 ± 8.25 days). In contrast, the bopyrid did not have a significant effect on shrimp survival times at the lower temperature, with shrimp surviving an average of 26.9-27.5 days. The results of this study have implications related to potential climate change, specifically higher temperatures, as we found that a small increase in temperature significantly affected the response of P. pugio to the isopod parasite. This supports prior research on other host-parasite interactions that are affected by increased temperature. RESUME La crevette bouquet Palaemonetes pugio Holthuis, 1949 est fréquente dans les estuaires le long des côtes Est et du Golfe des Etats Unis, et elle fait partie intégrante de la chaine alimentaire. Probopyrus EFFECTS OF PROBOPYRUS INFECTION ON PALAEMONETES 1329l'énergie utilisable par son hôte en se nourrissant sur l'hémolymphe de la crevette. Le parasite provoque aussi la castration des femelles. Le but de cette étude a été de déterminer les effets de Probopyrus pandalicola sur le temps de survie de P. pugio au cours d'un jeûne à deux températures différentes. L'expérience a été conduite entre Septembre 2009 et Juin 2012 à 20,0 ± O,irC et 25,0 ± 0,10°C. Trois essais ont été effectués à chaque température. Pour chaque essai, des crevettes parasitées, déparasitées et non parasitées ont été placées au hasard dans des aquariums individuels dans une chambre à température contrôlée. Tous les essais ont duré jusqu'à la mort de 100% des crevettes. Les isopodes bopyridés ont eu un effet significatif sur les temps de survie, mais seulement à la plus haute température, pour laquelle les crevettes parasitées survivent un laps de temps plus court (21,8 ± 6,93 d [= jours]) que les crevettes non parasitées (25,2 ± 8,25 d). Par contre les bopyridés n'ont pas eu d'effet significatif sur les temps de survie des crevettes à la plus basse température, avec u...

show abstract

“…For example,the presence of larval trematodes in Physa occidentalis induced higher requirements for oxygen in the host (Hurst 1927, Hurst & Walker 1933. A significant decrease in metabolism was noted in (1) infected Biomphalaria alexandrina when compared to uninfected individuals (Ishak et al 1970), (2) Lithoglyphus naticoides from the Volga Delta infected by larvae of the trematode Apophallus muehlingi (Fam.…”

Section: Resale or Republication Not Permitted Without Written Consenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology and lipid metabolism of Littorina saxatilis infected with trematodes

Arakelova

Chebotareva²,

Забелинский³

2004

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Physiological and biochemical alterations in Littorina saxatilis infected with larval trematodes were investigated and compared with the metabolism of non-parasitized snails. Oxygen consumption rates of infected snails differed from those of non-infected controls in medium sized individuals (30 to 130 mg) but not in very large infected individuals (> 200 mg). Small snails (0.5 to 8.5 mg) were seldom infected by parasites, and this size-class consisted only of non-infected specimens. The specific oxygen consumption rate of infected snails was not dependent on their mass and remained constant over the size ranges investigated. Alterations in the snail metabolism appeared to be connected to injuries to digestive gland tissues caused by the parasites. The glycogen concentration and fatty acids of neutral lipids and phospholipids in the digestive gland were determined. Infected snails differed from uninfected snails in the complete absence of glycogen in digestive gland and had proportionally higher quantities of eicosenoic (20:1) acid in the total phospholipids. It remains unclear whether infection by trematodes activates enzymes in the snail's digestive gland to synthesize eicosenoic (20:1) acid, or whether the sporocysts themselves possess these enzymes. The role of phospholipid fatty acids in the regulation and maintenance of the parasite's metabolism is briefly considered. Biochemical alterations observed in the fatty acid composition may have an adaptive significance, by helping to stabilize the host-parasite system. KEY WORDS: Littorina saxatilis · Metabolism · Trematodes · Digestive gland · Phospholipids · Fatty acids Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 60: [223][224][225][226][227][228][229][230][231] 2004 tems of Lymnaea stagnalis and cause castration and gigantism in this species (De Jong-Brink 1995). Trematode parasitism does not have a significant effect on the growth rate of Littorina saxatilis but stunts growth in Littorina obtusata, and enhances growth rate and size at maturity in Onoba aculeus (Gorbushin & Levakin 1999). Infected Littorina littorea either show reduced growth, or the parasites do not effect growth rates (Mouritsen et al. 1999). Co-adaptivity within the host-parasite system has been suggested as an explanation for gigantism in parasitized individuals of longlived snail species (Minchella 1985). According to Curtis et al. (2000), however, the oversized snails in long-lived Ilyanassa obsoleta were the result of greater age rather than of faster growth induced by parasites. Thus it is probable that the co-adaptivity theory is not always valid. Most likely, parasites have different effects on growth rate in different species.With regards to energy metabolism, several studies have shown that alterations in oxygen consumption rates in poikilothermic animals induced by parasitic invasion are inconsistent. For example,the presence of larval trematodes in Physa occidentalis induced higher requirements for oxygen in the host (H...

show abstract

Increased Heat Production in a Poikilothermous Animal in Parasitism

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Thermal preferences of resistant and susceptible strains ofBiomphalaria glabrata(Gastropoda) exposed toschistosoma mansoni(Trematoda)

Thermal preferences of resistant and susceptible strains ofBiomphalaria glabrata(Gastropoda) exposed toschistosoma mansoni(Trematoda)

The effect of the bopyrid isopod Probopyrus pandalicola (Packard, 1879) (Isopoda, Bopyridae) on the survival time of the daggerblade grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio Holthuis, 1949 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) during starvation at two different temperatures

Physiology and lipid metabolism of Littorina saxatilis infected with trematodes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About